Mastering the 11 Initials
| b | p | m | f | d | t |
| n | l | g | k | h |
b p m f
b: Like the “p” sound of English word “speak.” / no air comes out
p: Like the “p” sound of English word “pull.” / air comes out
m: Like the “m” sound of English word “moon.” / no air comes out / nasal
f: Like the “f” sound of English word “further.” / no air comes out
When above initials are combined with “o”, there is actually a short “u” sound in between. Therefore, the syllable “bo” actually sounds like “buo”
ba…bi…bo…pi…po…pu
(feel free to adjust the speed by yourself)
ma…mo…mi…fu…fo…fa
d t n l
d: Like the “t” sound of English word “stone.” / no air comes out
t: Like the “t” sound of English word “tall.” / air comes out
n: Like the “n” sound of English word “now.” / no air comes out / nasal
l: Like the “l” sound of English word “loud.” / no air comes out
When pronounce above initials d, t, n, the tip of the tongue should touch the gum of the upper teeth.
When pronounce l, the tip of the tongue needs to touch the palate.
da…di…du…ta…ti…tu
(feel free to adjust the speed by yourself)
na…ni…nu…la…li…lu
g k h
g: Like the “k” sound of English word “sky.” / no air comes out
k: Like the “c” sound of English word “curse.” / air comes out
h: Like the “h” sound of English word “hurt.” / no air comes out
When pronounce above initials g and k, the back of tongue is raised against the soft palate.
When pronounce above initials h, the back of tongue is raised towards the soft palate.
gu…ge…ga…ka…ke…ku
ha…he…hu…gu…ke…ga
