Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 2

🔊 j: Like the “j” sound of the English word “jeep”. / no air comes out
　1. Raise the flat center of your tongue to the roof of the mouth.
　2. Put the tip of your tongue touch the back of the bottom teeth.
If you cannot pronounce it, try to pronounce the “ch” sound of English word “chees.” but without any air comes out.

🔊 q: Similar to the “ch” sound of the English word “chees.” / air comes out
Exactly the same position like “j”, but air comes out strongly.

🔊 x: No equivalent pronunciation in English / no air comes out
　1. Squeeze a smile. (I am not kidding)
　2. Raise the flat center of your tongue to the place almost touch your hard palate.

🔊 zh: Smilier to the “j” sound of the English word “jerk.” / no air comes out / round lips
　1. Curl up the tip of your tongue touch a little bit of your hard palate.
　2. Loosen it and let the air squeeze out the channel thus made.

🔊 ch: Similar to the “ch” sound of the English word “chip.” / air comes out / round lips
Exactly the same position like “zh”, but air comes out strongly.

🔊 sh: Similar to the “sh” sound of the English word “shirt” / no air comes out / round lips
　1. Curl up the tip of your tongue close not touch the hard palate.
　2. Squeeze the air out.

🔊 r: Similar to the “r” sound of the English word “red” / no air comes out / flat lips
　Exactly the same position like “sh”, but flat lips.

🔊 z: Smilier to the “ds” sound of the English word “goods.” / no air comes out
　1. Make your tongue touch the back of your upper teeth.
　2. Loosen it and let the air squeeze out the channel thus made.

🔊 c: Similar to the “ts” sound of the English word “seats.” / air comes out
Exactly the same position like “z”, but air comes out strongly.

🔊 s: Similar to the “s” sound of the English word.
　Make your tongue almost touch the back of your upper teeth.