Chinese Vocabulary · 中文词汇
Food, Animal and Plant Words in Chinese
饮食与动植物词汇 yǐnshí yǔ dòngzhíwù cíhuì
Breakfast is a whole culture in Chinese-speaking places. A classic Taiwanese breakfast is 烧饼 (shāobǐng) (a baked sesame flatbread), a 油条 (yóutiáo) (fried dough stick) and a cup of hot 豆浆 (dòujiāng) (soy milk), and many people dip the dough stick into the soy milk. In Beijing, the famous drink is 豆汁 (dòuzhī), made from fermented mung beans. It is sour and has a strong smell, so not everyone can accept the taste: some locals love it, while many visitors can’t finish a cup. Are you brave enough to try?
On the table
Food and Eating Words in Chinese
| Chinese | Pinyin | English | Korean | Japanese |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 点心 | diǎnxin | Snack; dim sum; light pastry | 간식; 딤섬 | おやつ; 点心 |
| 豆腐 | dòufu | Tofu | 두부 | 豆腐 |
| 豆浆 | dòujiāng | Soy milk | 두유 | 豆乳 |
| 番茄 | fānqié | Tomato | 토마토 | トマト |
| 海鲜 | hǎixiān | Seafood | 해산물 | 海鮮 |
| 黄瓜 | huángguā | Cucumber | 오이 | きゅうり |
| 火锅 | huǒguō | Hot pot | 훠궈; 전골 | 火鍋 |
| 蔬菜 | shūcài | Vegetable | 채소 | 野菜 |
| 甜品 | tiánpǐn | Dessert; sweets | 디저트 | デザート |
| 土豆 | tǔdòu | Potato | 감자 | ジャガイモ |
| 油条 | yóutiáo | Fried dough stick | 유탸오(길쭉한 튀김빵) | 揚げパン(油条) |
| 玉米 | yùmǐ | Corn | 옥수수 | とうもろこし |
土豆 (tǔdòu) vs 马铃薯 (mǎlíngshǔ)
Mainland China says 土豆 (tǔdòu) for “potato.” In Taiwan, the usual word is 马铃薯 (mǎlíngshǔ), and 土豆 (tǔdòu) may be understood as peanut. If you want to be understood on both sides, 马铃薯 (mǎlíngshǔ) works everywhere.
点心 (diǎnxin) vs 甜品 (tiánpǐn)
点心 (diǎnxin) is a snack or a small pastry, and also the word for dim sum. 甜品 (tiánpǐn) is specifically sweet food, like desserts. In Taiwan, people more often say 甜点 (tiándiǎn) for dessert.
Putting it all together
Examples
我早餐習慣喝豆漿,再配一根油條我早餐习惯喝豆浆,再配一根油条For breakfast I usually have soy milk with a fried dough stick.
冬天和朋友一起吃火鍋,放很多蔬菜、豆腐和海鮮冬天和朋友一起吃火锅,放很多蔬菜、豆腐和海鲜In winter, we eat hot pot with friends, with lots of vegetables, tofu and seafood.
Creatures and plants
Animal and Plant Words in Chinese
| Chinese | Pinyin | English | Korean | Japanese |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 虫子 | chóngzi | Bug; insect (casual) | 벌레 | 虫 |
| 大象 | dàxiàng | Elephant | 코끼리 | ゾウ |
| 猴子 | hóuzi | Monkey | 원숭이 | サル |
| 蝴蝶 | húdié | Butterfly | 나비 | チョウ |
| 昆虫 | kūnchóng | Insect | 곤충 | 昆虫 |
| 龙 | lóng | Dragon | 용 | 竜 |
| 蛇 | shé | Snake | 뱀 | ヘビ |
| 兔子 | tùzi | Rabbit | 토끼 | ウサギ |
| 鸭子 | yāzi | Duck | 오리 | アヒル |
| 种子 | zhǒngzi | Seed | 씨앗 | 種 |
| 猪 | zhū | Pig | 돼지 | ブタ |
| 竹子 | zhúzi | Bamboo | 대나무 | 竹 |
Animals in the Chinese zodiac
Five of the words in this list are also zodiac animals: 兔 (tù) (rabbit), 龙 (lóng) (dragon), 蛇 (shé) (snake), 猴 (hóu) (monkey) and 猪 (zhū) (pig). Asking 你属什么 (nǐ shǔ shénme)? (“What animal are you?”) is a common way to ask someone’s birth year.
Chinese Zodiac Finder
Select your birth date for full Lunar Zodiac analysis!
The little 子 (zi)
Many everyday nouns end in 子 (zi), pronounced with a light tone, like 猴子 (hóuzi), 兔子 (tùzi), 鸭子 (yāzi), 竹子 (zhúzi) and 种子 (zhǒngzi). It is a common noun ending in Chinese, so just learn each word together with its 子 (zi).
Putting it all together
Examples
動物園裡的大象很大,猴子很愛動,兔子很可愛动物园里的大象很大,猴子很爱动,兔子很可爱At the zoo, the elephant is huge, the monkeys are lively, and the rabbits are cute.
一隻蝴蝶飛過來,停在竹子上一只蝴蝶飞过来,停在竹子上A butterfly flew over and landed on the bamboo.
Test yourself
Vocabulary Quiz

