\u8072\u6bcd \u58f0\u6bcd \u00b7 Initials Part 1 \u2014 OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin=\"\">\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Fraunces:opsz,wght@9..144,400;9..144,500;9..144,600;9..144,700&family=Noto+Serif+TC:wght@500;700&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500;600&family=Inter:wght@400;500;600&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n <style>\n :root{\n --paper:#FFFFFF;\n --paper-dim:#F7F4EE;\n --ink:#2A2723;\n --ink-soft:#5B564C;\n --seal:#B23A2E;\n --seal-dim:#8f2e24;\n --bamboo:#4F6F52;\n --gold:#AD8A4D;\n --velar:#8f6b34;\n --line: rgba(42,39,35,0.13);\n --radius: 3px;\n }\n *{box-sizing:border-box;}\n html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}\n body{\n margin:0;\n background:var(--paper);\n color:var(--ink);\n font-family:'Inter', sans-serif;\n }\n\n .wrap{\n position:relative;\n z-index:1;\n max-width:920px;\n margin:0 auto;\n padding:0 24px;\n background:#FFFFFF;\n background-image:\n radial-gradient(circle at 12% 4%, rgba(178,58,46,0.06), transparent 45%);\n }\n\n .wrap::before{\n content:\"\";\n position:absolute;\n inset:0;\n pointer-events:none;\n opacity:0.25;\n z-index:-1;\n background-image:\n repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(42,39,35,0.015) 0px, rgba(42,39,35,0.015) 1px, transparent 1px, transparent 3px);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- HERO ---------- *\/\n header.hero{\n padding:72px 0 56px;\n position:relative;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .eyebrow{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12.5px;\n letter-spacing:0.18em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:10px;\n margin-bottom:22px;\n }\n .eyebrow::before{\n content:\"\";\n width:26px; height:1px; background:var(--seal);\n }\n .hero-title{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-weight:600;\n font-size:clamp(32px, 5.5vw, 60px);\n line-height:1.02;\n margin:0 0 8px;\n letter-spacing:-0.01em;\n }\n .hero-title .cjk{\n font-family:'Noto Serif TC', serif;\n font-weight:700;\n color:var(--seal);\n font-size:0.62em;\n vertical-align:2%;\n margin-right:18px;\n display:inline-flex;\n align-items:baseline;\n gap:10px;\n }\n .hero-title .cjk .lang-zh-CN{\n font-size:0.72em;\n color:var(--seal-dim);\n opacity:0.75;\n }\n .hero-sub{\n font-size:17px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.65;\n margin:18px 0 0;\n }\n .hero-stamp{\n position:absolute;\n top:64px; right:24px;\n width:88px; height:88px;\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n transform:rotate(-6deg);\n }\n .hero-stamp svg{width:100%;height:100%;}\n\n .hero-image{\n margin-top:32px;\n border-radius:6px;\n overflow:hidden;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .hero-image img{\n display:block;\n width:100%;\n height:auto;\n }\n\n .support-link{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:14px;\n padding:28px 0 0;\n }\n .support-link p{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:0;\n }\n .support-link a img{\n height:36px;\n width:auto;\n display:block;\n border-radius:4px;\n }\n\n \/* ---------- SERIES STEPPER ---------- *\/\n section.series{padding:40px 0 8px;}\n .series-eyebrow{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12px;\n letter-spacing:0.14em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n display:block;\n margin-bottom:14px;\n }\n .series-steps{\n display:grid;\n grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(170px, 1fr));\n gap:12px;\n }\n .step{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:6px;\n padding:18px 18px 16px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n transition:border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease, transform .2s ease;\n background:var(--paper);\n }\n a.step:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.035);\n transform:translateY(-1px);\n }\n .step .step-num{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:11px;\n color:var(--gold);\n letter-spacing:0.06em;\n }\n .step .step-title{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-weight:600;\n font-size:17px;\n }\n .step .step-desc{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n }\n .step.current{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.05);\n }\n .step.current .step-num{color:var(--seal);}\n .step.current .step-title{color:var(--seal);}\n\n \/* ---------- OVERVIEW ---------- *\/\n section.overview{\n padding:56px 0;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n section.overview h3{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:22px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 6px;\n }\n section.overview > p{\n font-size:14.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:0 0 24px;\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.6;\n }\n .overview-chip-row{\n display:flex;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n gap:8px;\n }\n .overview-chip{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n font-weight:600;\n padding:8px 15px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-left:3px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:100px;\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n background:var(--paper-dim);\n transition:all .2s ease;\n }\n .overview-chip.grp-b{border-left-color:var(--seal);}\n .overview-chip.grp-d{border-left-color:var(--bamboo);}\n .overview-chip.grp-g{border-left-color:var(--velar);}\n .overview-chip:hover{\n background:var(--paper);\n transform:translateY(-1px);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- NAV ---------- *\/\n nav.groups-nav{\n position:sticky; top:0; z-index:20;\n background:rgba(255,255,255,0.92);\n backdrop-filter:blur(6px);\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n padding:14px 0;\n }\n nav.groups-nav .row{\n display:flex; gap:6px; flex-wrap:wrap;\n align-items:center;\n }\n nav.groups-nav a{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n padding:6px 14px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:100px;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n white-space:nowrap;\n }\n nav.groups-nav a:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- GROUP SECTIONS ---------- *\/\n main{padding:64px 0 40px;}\n section.init-group{\n padding:52px 0;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n scroll-margin-top:76px;\n opacity:0;\n transform:translateY(14px);\n transition:opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;\n }\n section.init-group.in-view{opacity:1; transform:translateY(0);}\n section.init-group:last-of-type{border-bottom:none;}\n\n .group-head{margin-bottom:8px;}\n .group-head h2{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:32px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 4px;\n }\n .group-head .subhead{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13px;\n color:var(--bamboo);\n margin:0 0 24px;\n }\n section.init-group.grp-d .group-head .subhead{color:var(--bamboo);}\n section.init-group.grp-g .group-head .subhead{color:var(--velar);}\n\n .init-grid{\n display:grid;\n grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));\n gap:14px;\n margin-bottom:26px;\n }\n .init-card{\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n padding:16px;\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:12px;\n background:var(--paper);\n }\n .init-card-top{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:12px;\n }\n .init-stamp{\n width:46px; height:46px;\n border-radius:4px;\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n color:#F4E9DD;\n font-family:'Noto Serif TC', serif;\n font-weight:700;\n font-size:20px;\n flex-shrink:0;\n }\n .grp-b .init-stamp{background:var(--seal);}\n .grp-d .init-stamp{background:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .init-stamp{background:var(--velar);}\n\n .init-play{\n width:34px; height:34px;\n border-radius:50%;\n border:1px solid var(--seal);\n background:transparent;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n cursor:pointer;\n flex-shrink:0;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n padding:0;\n margin-left:auto;\n }\n .init-play:hover{background:var(--seal); color:#F4E9DD;}\n .init-play svg{width:13px; height:13px;}\n\n .init-desc{\n font-size:14.5px;\n line-height:1.6;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n .init-desc u{\n text-decoration:none;\n border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--seal);\n color:var(--seal);\n }\n .badge-row{\n display:flex;\n gap:6px;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .badge{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:11px;\n padding:3px 9px;\n border-radius:100px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n }\n .badge.aspirated{border-color:var(--gold); color:var(--gold);}\n .badge.unaspirated{border-color:var(--bamboo); color:var(--bamboo);}\n .badge.nasal{border-color:var(--seal); color:var(--seal);}\n\n .note{\n font-size:13.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n background:rgba(79,111,82,0.08);\n border-left:2px solid var(--bamboo);\n padding:12px 16px;\n margin:22px 0;\n line-height:1.7;\n }\n section.init-group.grp-g .note{\n background:rgba(143,107,52,0.08);\n border-left-color:var(--velar);\n }\n\n .example-row{\n display:flex; align-items:center; gap:12px;\n background:var(--paper-dim);\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n padding:12px 16px;\n margin:10px 0;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .play-btn{\n width:34px; height:34px;\n border-radius:50%;\n border:1px solid var(--seal);\n background:transparent;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n cursor:pointer;\n flex-shrink:0;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n padding:0;\n }\n .play-btn:hover{background:var(--seal); color:#F4E9DD;}\n .play-btn svg{width:13px; height:13px;}\n .example-syllables{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:15px;\n letter-spacing:0.02em;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n .example-syllables .sep{color:var(--gold); margin:0 3px;}\n\n \/* ---------- QUIZ ---------- *\/\n section.quiz{\n padding:56px 0 64px;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .quiz-head{margin-bottom:32px;}\n .quiz-head h2{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:30px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 8px;\n }\n .quiz-head p{\n font-size:14.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.6;\n margin:0;\n }\n .quiz-q{\n padding:22px 0;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .quiz-q:first-of-type{padding-top:0;}\n .quiz-question{\n font-size:16px;\n margin:0 0 14px;\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n gap:10px;\n }\n .quiz-question .qnum{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n color:var(--gold);\n flex-shrink:0;\n }\n .quiz-options{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:8px;\n }\n .quiz-options label{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:10px;\n font-size:14.5px;\n padding:9px 12px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n cursor:pointer;\n transition:border-color .15s ease, background .15s ease;\n }\n .quiz-options label:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.035);\n }\n .quiz-options input{accent-color:var(--seal);}\n .quiz-q.graded.correct{border-left:3px solid var(--bamboo); padding-left:14px;}\n .quiz-q.graded.incorrect{border-left:3px solid var(--seal); padding-left:14px;}\n .quiz-q.graded .quiz-options label.right-answer{\n border-color:var(--bamboo);\n background:rgba(79,111,82,0.08);\n }\n .quiz-q.graded .quiz-options label.picked-wrong{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n .quiz-actions{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:16px;\n margin-top:28px;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .quiz-submit{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13.5px;\n letter-spacing:0.04em;\n color:#F4E9DD;\n background:var(--seal);\n border:none;\n padding:12px 24px;\n border-radius:100px;\n cursor:pointer;\n transition:background .2s ease;\n }\n .quiz-submit:hover{background:var(--seal-dim);}\n .quiz-result{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- FOOTER ---------- *\/\n footer{\n padding:56px 0 72px;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n margin-top:12px;\n }\n .footer-wave{\n width:100%; height:40px;\n opacity:0.5;\n }\n .footer-wave path{fill:none; stroke:var(--seal); stroke-width:1;}\n\n @media (max-width:640px){\n .wrap{padding:0 5px;}\n .series-steps{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n .init-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n header.hero{padding:52px 0 40px;}\n .hero-stamp{width:64px;height:64px; top:48px;}\n }\n\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){\n section.init-group{transition:none; opacity:1; transform:none;}\n html{scroll-behavior:auto;}\n }\n\n \/* ========================================================\n \u7cbe\u7dfb\u820c\u4f4d\u5716\u8996\u89ba\u6a23\u5f0f\uff08\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8207\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u5347\u7d1a\u7e6a\u88fd\u8cea\u611f\uff09\n ======================================================== *\/\n .tg-wrap{\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:6px;\n background:#FAF8F5;\n padding:8px 8px 10px;\n cursor:pointer;\n box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(42,39,35,0.03);\n transition:border-color .25s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;\n }\n .tg-wrap:hover{\n border-color:rgba(178,58,46,0.35);\n box-shadow:0 3px 12px rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n .tg-svg{\n display:block;\n width:100%;\n height:auto;\n }\n \/* \u89e3\u5256\u9aa8\u58c1\u7dda\u689d\uff1a\u6c89\u7a69\u58a8\u68d5 *\/\n .tg-line{\n fill:none;\n stroke:#3D3833;\n stroke-width:2.2;\n stroke-linecap:round;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n \/* \u8edf\u984e\/\u5c0f\u820c\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u89e3\u5256\u539a\u5ea6 *\/\n .tg-velum-body{\n fill:#EAE3D6;\n stroke:#3D3833;\n stroke-width:1.6;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n \/* \u7259\u9f52\u8207\u7259\u9f66 *\/\n .tg-gum{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.22);\n }\n .grp-d .tg-gum{fill:rgba(79,111,82,0.22);}\n .grp-g .tg-gum{fill:rgba(143,107,52,0.22);}\n\n .tg-tooth{\n fill:#FFFFFF;\n stroke:#6E685E;\n stroke-width:1.2;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .tg-front-tooth{\n fill:#FFFFFF;\n stroke:#6E685E;\n stroke-width:0.9;\n }\n \/* \u5507\u74e3\u5074\u5207\u9762\u8207\u6b63\u8996\u9762 *\/\n .tg-lip{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.26);\n stroke:var(--seal);\n stroke-width:1.6;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .tg-lip-front{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.22);\n stroke:var(--seal);\n stroke-width:1.5;\n }\n .grp-d .tg-lip, .grp-d .tg-lip-front{stroke:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .tg-lip, .grp-g .tg-lip-front{stroke:var(--velar);}\n\n \/* \u820c\u9ad4\u6f38\u5c64\u8207\u908a\u7de3\u7dda *\/\n .tg-tongue{\n stroke-width:2;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .grp-b .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--seal);}\n .grp-d .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--velar);}\n\n .tg-ft{\n stroke:none;\n }\n .grp-b .tg-ft{fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.45);}\n .grp-d .tg-ft{fill:rgba(79,111,82,0.45);}\n .grp-g .tg-ft{fill:rgba(143,107,52,0.45);}\n\n .tg-vc{fill:#6E685E;}\n \n \/* \u6c23\u6d41\u7bad\u982d\u52d5\u614b *\/\n .tg-aw{\n fill:none;\n stroke:#2E8B7E;\n stroke-width:2.2;\n stroke-linecap:round;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n opacity:0;\n }\n .tg-aw.tg-dash{stroke-dasharray:3 3;}\n\n \/* \u89e3\u5256\u6587\u5b57\u8207\u7d30\u7dfb\u6a19\u9ede *\/\n .tg-dot{fill:var(--gold);}\n .tg-lb{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:10px;\n font-weight:600;\n letter-spacing:0.06em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n fill:var(--ink-soft);\n stroke:none;\n }\n .tg-lb-front{\n font-size:9px;\n fill:var(--gold);\n }\n .tg-cap{\n font-size:11.5px;\n line-height:1.45;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:7px 2px 0;\n padding-top:6px;\n border-top:1px dashed var(--line);\n }\n <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n <header class=\"hero\">\n <div class=\"hero-stamp\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\">\n <rect x=\"4\" y=\"4\" width=\"92\" height=\"92\" rx=\"8\" fill=\"#B23A2E\"><\/rect>\n <rect x=\"12\" y=\"12\" width=\"76\" height=\"76\" rx=\"4\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"rgba(255,255,255,0.5)\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/rect>\n <text x=\"50\" y=\"66\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-family=\"'Noto Serif TC', serif\" font-weight=\"700\" font-size=\"46\" fill=\"#F4E9DD\">\u8072<\/text>\n <\/svg>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"eyebrow\">OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Pronunciation<\/div>\n <h1 class=\"hero-title\"><span class=\"cjk\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u8072\u6bcd<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u58f0\u6bcd<\/span><\/span>Initials \u2014 Part 1<\/h1>\n <p class=\"hero-sub\">Every Mandarin syllable opens with a consonant, and the trick isn’t voicing \u2014 it’s <strong>breath<\/strong>. This is a listening-first guide to the first 11 initials: <strong>b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f \u00b7 d \u00b7 t \u00b7 n \u00b7 l \u00b7 g \u00b7 k \u00b7 h<\/strong> \u2014 grouped by where your mouth makes them, and whether air comes out.<\/p>\n <\/header>\n\n <section class=\"series\">\n <span class=\"series-eyebrow\">Hanyu Pinyin \u00b7 a 5-part foundation<\/span>\n <div class=\"series-steps\">\n <span class=\"step current\" aria-current=\"page\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">01<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Initials \u2014 Part 1<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">b p m f \u00b7 d t n l \u00b7 g k h \u2014 you are here<\/span>\n <\/span>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/07\/02\/hanyupinyin2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">02<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Initials \u2014 Part 2<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">j q x \u00b7 zh ch sh r \u00b7 z c s<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/01\/hanyu-pinyin3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">03<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Simple Finals<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">a \u00b7 o \u00b7 i \u00b7 u \u00b7 \u00fc \u00b7 e<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/03\/compound-finals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">04<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Compound Finals<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">ai\u00b7ei\u00b7ao\u00b7ou \u00b7 an\u00b7eng\u00b7ong \u00b7 er, +more<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/02\/22\/pinyin-spelling-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">05<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Spelling Rules<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">spacing \u00b7 tones \u00b7 y\/w\/yu \u00b7 erhua<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <section class=\"overview\">\n <h3>Mastering the 11 initials<\/h3>\n <p>Grouped by where they’re made in the mouth \u2014 lips, tongue-tip, tongue-back. Tap any letter to jump straight to it.<\/p>\n <div class=\"overview-chip-row\">\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">b<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">p<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">m<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">f<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">d<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">t<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">n<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">l<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">g<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">k<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">h<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <nav class=\"groups-nav\">\n <div class=\"row\">\n <a href=\"#group-bpmf\">b p m f<\/a>\n <a href=\"#group-dtnl\">d t n l<\/a>\n <a href=\"#group-gkh\">g k h<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/nav>\n\n <main>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-b\" id=\"group-bpmf\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_%C2%B7_p_%C2%B7_m_%C2%B7_f\"><\/span>b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">lips and teeth \u2014 bilabial & labiodental<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">b<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/b.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play b\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cp\u201d in \u201cs<u>p<\/u>eak.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">p<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/p.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play p\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cp\u201d in \u201c<u>p<\/u>ull.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">m<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/m.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play m\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cm\u201d in \u201c<u>m<\/u>oon.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><span class=\"badge nasal\">nasal<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">f<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/f.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play f\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cf\u201d in \u201c<u>f<\/u>urther.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">When these initials combine with \u201co\u201d, a short \u201cu\u201d sound sneaks in between \u2014 so the syllable \u201cbo\u201d actually sounds like \u201cb<u>u<\/u>o\u201d.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/babi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ba<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>bi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>bo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>pi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>po<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>pu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/mamo.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ma<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>mo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>mi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fa<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-d\" id=\"group-dtnl\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"d_%C2%B7_t_%C2%B7_n_%C2%B7_l\"><\/span>d \u00b7 t \u00b7 n \u00b7 l<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">tongue-tip against the gum ridge \u2014 alveolar<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">d<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/d.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play d\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ct\u201d in \u201cs<u>t<\/u>one.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">t<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/t.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play t\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ct\u201d in \u201c<u>t<\/u>all.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">n<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/n.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play n\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cn\u201d in \u201c<u>n<\/u>ow.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><span class=\"badge nasal\">nasal<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">l<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/l.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play l\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cl\u201d in \u201c<u>l<\/u>oud.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">For d, t, n: the tip of the tongue touches the gum ridge behind the upper teeth. For l: the tip of the tongue touches the palate instead.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dadi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">da<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>di<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>du<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ta<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ti<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>tu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/nani.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">na<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ni<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>nu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>la<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>li<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>lu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-g\" id=\"group-gkh\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"g_%C2%B7_k_%C2%B7_h\"><\/span>g \u00b7 k \u00b7 h<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">tongue-back against the soft palate \u2014 velar<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">g<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/g.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play g\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ck\u201d in \u201cs<u>k<\/u>y.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">k<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/k.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play k\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cc\u201d in \u201c<u>c<\/u>urse.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">h<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/h.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play h\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ch\u201d in \u201c<u>h<\/u>urt.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">For g and k: the back of the tongue rises to press against the soft palate. For h: the back of the tongue rises toward it, without fully touching.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/guge.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">gu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ge<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ga<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ka<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ke<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ku<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hahe.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ha<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>he<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>hu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>gu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ke<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ga<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <\/main>\n\n <section class=\"quiz\" id=\"quiz\">\n <div class=\"quiz-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Listening_check_%E2%80%94_9_questions\"><\/span>Listening check \u2014 9 questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p>Every clip is the site’s own recording. Press play, then pick what you heard \u2014 no text hints. The last four test your ear for the aspirated \/ unaspirated pairs.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <form id=\"quiz-form\">\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"b\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">01<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/b.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"d\"> d<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"g\"> g<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"p\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">02<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/p.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"t\"> t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"k\"> k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"m\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">03<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/m.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"n\"> n<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"f\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">04<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/f.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"h\"> h<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"n\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">05<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/n.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"n\"> n<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"l\"> l<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"d\"> d<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"h\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">06<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/h.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"h\"> h<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"g\"> g<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"k\"> k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"bp\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">07<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/babi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"dt\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">08<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dadi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"gk\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">09<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/guge.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-actions\">\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"quiz-submit\" id=\"quiz-submit\">Check my answers<\/button>\n <span class=\"quiz-result\" id=\"quiz-result\"><\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/form>\n <\/section>\n\n <footer>\n <svg class=\"footer-wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 40\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n <path d=\"M0 20 C 40 2, 80 38, 120 20 S 200 2, 240 20 S 320 38, 360 20 S 440 2, 480 20 S 560 38, 600 20 S 680 2, 720 20 S 780 30, 800 20\"><\/path>\n <\/svg>\n <\/footer>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n let currentAudio = null;\n document.querySelectorAll('.play-btn, .init-play').forEach(btn => {\n btn.addEventListener('click', () => {\n const src = btn.getAttribute('data-src');\n if (currentAudio && !currentAudio.paused) {\n currentAudio.pause();\n currentAudio.currentTime = 0;\n }\n const audio = new Audio(src);\n currentAudio = audio;\n audio.play().catch(() => {});\n });\n });\n\n const sections = document.querySelectorAll('section.init-group');\n const io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {\n entries.forEach(e => {\n if (e.isIntersecting) {\n e.target.classList.add('in-view');\n io.unobserve(e.target);\n }\n });\n }, { threshold: 0.15 });\n sections.forEach(s => io.observe(s));\n\n const quizSubmit = document.getElementById('quiz-submit');\n const quizResult = document.getElementById('quiz-result');\n quizSubmit.addEventListener('click', () => {\n const questions = document.querySelectorAll('.quiz-q');\n let correctCount = 0;\n questions.forEach(q => {\n const answer = q.getAttribute('data-answer');\n const inputs = q.querySelectorAll('input[type=\"radio\"]');\n let picked = null;\n inputs.forEach(input => {\n const label = input.closest('label');\n label.classList.remove('right-answer', 'picked-wrong');\n if (input.checked) picked = input;\n });\n q.classList.remove('graded', 'correct', 'incorrect');\n q.classList.add('graded');\n const isCorrect = picked && picked.value === answer;\n if (isCorrect) correctCount++;\n q.classList.add(isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect');\n inputs.forEach(input => {\n const label = input.closest('label');\n if (input.value === answer) label.classList.add('right-answer');\n else if (picked && input === picked) label.classList.add('picked-wrong');\n });\n });\n quizResult.textContent = `${correctCount} \/ ${questions.length} correct`;\n quizResult.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' });\n });\n<\/script>\n\n\n<script>\n(function(){\n var REST=[162,98,140,90,112,84,84,84,58,94,40,116,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,134,140,120,158,110];\n var ALV=[164,58,142,64,112,72,84,84,58,98,40,120,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,130,140,100,158,80];\n var LAT=[164,58,142,70,112,84,84,86,58,96,40,118,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,134,140,110,158,80];\n var VEL=[160,100,138,90,104,66,72,37,50,58,38,104,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,132,140,118,158,110];\n var GLO=[160,100,138,90,104,76,72,52,50,68,38,106,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,132,140,118,158,110];\n var AIR={\n puff:'M204 77 H240 M204 83 H248 M242 78 L248 83 L242 88 M204 89 H240',\n weak:'M204 83 H222 M217 79 L222 83 L217 87',\n flow:'M204 83 H244 M238 79 L244 83 L238 87',\n nose:'M70 14 C110 4 160 6 192 18 M184 10 L192 18 L181 22'\n };\n\n var D={\n b:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'b',c:'Lips seal, then open. Almost no puff of air.'},\n p:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'b',c:'Lips seal, then pop open with a strong puff of air.'},\n m:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:1,v:1,a:'nose',grp:'b',c:'Lips sealed, soft palate lowered: the sound flows out through the nose.'},\n f:{p:REST,l:[-4,-16],n:0,v:0,a:'flow',grp:'b',c:'Upper teeth rest on the lower lip; air hisses through the gap.'},\n d:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip taps the gum ridge, then releases. No puff.'},\n t:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip taps the gum ridge, then releases with a puff of air.'},\n n:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:1,v:1,a:'nose',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip on the gum ridge, soft palate lowered: air flows through the nose.'},\n l:{p:LAT,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:1,a:'side',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip stays on the ridge; air slips out along both sides of the tongue.'},\n g:{p:VEL,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue lifts to the soft palate, then releases. No puff.'},\n k:{p:VEL,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue lifts to the soft palate, then releases with a puff of air.'},\n h:{p:GLO,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'flow',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue rises toward the soft palate without touching; air rubs through.'}\n };\n\n var uid=0;\n function staticSvg(id, grp){\n var c1 = '#C25B50', c2 = '#8F2E24';\n if(grp === 'd'){ c1 = '#4F6F52'; c2 = '#364F38'; }\n else if(grp === 'g'){ c1 = '#8f6b34'; c2 = '#634921'; }\n\n return ''+\n '<defs>'+\n '<linearGradient id=\"'+id+'_tg\" x1=\"0%\" y1=\"0%\" x2=\"0%\" y2=\"100%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"0%\" stop-color=\"'+c1+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.68\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"50%\" stop-color=\"'+c1+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.4\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"'+c2+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.16\"\/>'+\n '<\/linearGradient>'+\n '<radialGradient id=\"'+id+'_resGlow\" cx=\"45%\" cy=\"40%\" r=\"55%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"0%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0.4\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"60%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0.12\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0\"\/>'+\n '<\/radialGradient>'+\n '<radialGradient id=\"'+id+'_mo\" cx=\"50%\" cy=\"50%\" r=\"55%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"25%\" stop-color=\"#1E1413\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"80%\" stop-color=\"#381D1A\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"#4F2622\"\/>'+\n '<\/radialGradient>'+\n '<clipPath id=\"'+id+'\"><ellipse class=\"tg-cl\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"22\" ry=\"8\"\/><\/clipPath>'+\n '<\/defs>'+\n '<g transform=\"translate(332 0) scale(-1 1)\">'+\n ''+\n '<path class=\"tg-res-glow\" d=\"\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_resGlow)\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M20 34 V182\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M52 38 C90 24 136 24 166 48 L170 56\"\/>'+\n '<path d=\"M52 38 C92 30 134 30 166 46\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"rgba(91,86,76,0.22)\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-dasharray=\"3 3\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M166 46 C168 29 176 21 190 17 C202 14 208 21 212 27 L202 33\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line tg-jaw\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-vel\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-velum-body\" d=\"M52 38 C46 50 40 64 36 71 C35 74 38 75 41 73 C45 68 51 51 55 40 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tongue\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_tg)\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-up\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-gum\" d=\"M167 50 C171 50 177 52 179 56 L168 56 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tooth\" d=\"M169 56 C172 56 177 56 178 57 L177 73 C174 74 171 74 169 73 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-lip\" d=\"M178 50 C196 52 202 58 202 65 C202 73 194 75 178 75 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-low\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-gum\" d=\"M167 114 C171 114 177 112 179 108 L168 108 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tooth\" d=\"M169 108 C172 108 177 108 178 107 L177 91 C174 90 171 90 169 91 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-lip\" d=\"M178 90 C194 90 202 93 202 101 C202 109 196 115 178 116 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<polygon class=\"tg-vc tg-vl\" points=\"8,170 20,176 8,182\"\/>'+\n '<polygon class=\"tg-vc tg-vr\" points=\"38,170 26,176 38,182\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-aw\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-lip-front tg-ol\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"32\" ry=\"21\"\/>'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-mo\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_mo)\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"22\" ry=\"8\"\/>'+\n '<g clip-path=\"url(#'+id+')\">'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-ft\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"101\" rx=\"16\" ry=\"7\"\/>'+\n '<rect class=\"tg-ut tg-front-tooth\" x=\"22\" y=\"88\" width=\"36\" height=\"3.5\" rx=\"1.2\"\/>'+\n '<rect class=\"tg-lt tg-front-tooth\" x=\"22\" y=\"100\" width=\"36\" height=\"3.5\" rx=\"1.2\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"218\" cy=\"27\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"218\" y=\"17\" text-anchor=\"middle\">palate<\/text>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"248\" cy=\"120\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"248\" y=\"140\" text-anchor=\"middle\">tongue<\/text>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"138\" cy=\"102\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"126\" y=\"105\" text-anchor=\"end\">lips<\/text>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb tg-lb-front\" x=\"40\" y=\"132\" text-anchor=\"middle\">front<\/text>';\n }\n\n function ease(x){return x>0.5?1-Math.pow(-2*x+2,2)\/2:2*x*x;}\n\n function spline(p){\n var n=p.length\/2;\n function g(j){var k=(j+n)%n;return [p[2*k],p[2*k+1]];}\n var s=g(0);\n var d='M'+s[0].toFixed(1)+' '+s[1].toFixed(1);\n for(var i=0;n>i;i++){\n var a=g(i-1),b=g(i),c=g(i+1),e=g(i+2);\n d+='C'+(b[0]+(c[0]-a[0])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+(b[1]+(c[1]-a[1])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+\n (c[0]-(e[0]-b[0])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+(c[1]-(e[1]-b[1])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+\n c[0].toFixed(1)+' '+c[1].toFixed(1);\n }\n return d+'Z';\n }\n\n function frame(c,t,still){\n var d=c.d,k=0,a=0,m=t%2800;\n if(600>m){k=ease(m\/600);}\n else if(1100>m){k=1;}\n else if(1600>m){k=1-ease((m-1100)\/500);}\n\n if(still){k=1;a=0.9;}\n else if(d.a==='puff'||d.a==='weak'){\n var q=(m-1100)\/800;\n if(q>0){if(1>q){a=Math.sin(Math.PI*q);}}\n if(d.a==='weak'){a=a*0.5;}\n } else {\n a=Math.max(0,(k-0.5)*2);\n }\n\n var pts=[];\n for(var i=0;REST.length>i;i++){pts.push(REST[i]+(d.p[i]-REST[i])*k);}\n c.tongue.setAttribute('d',spline(pts));\n\n \/\/ \u5171\u9cf4\u8154\u67d4\u5149\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9f3b\u97f3 m\/n\uff0c\u5149\u6688\u81ea\u7136\u5ef6\u4f38\u9032\u9f3b\u8154\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5728\u53e3\u8154\u5167\u52d5\u614b\u547c\u61c9\uff09\n if(c.resGlow){\n var tTipY = pts[1], tBladeY = pts[3], tBackY = pts[5];\n if(d.n){\n c.resGlow.setAttribute('d',\n 'M52 38 C90 20 134 18 168 34 C168 46 136 34 52 38 Z'\n );\n } else {\n c.resGlow.setAttribute('d',\n 'M54 '+(38+k*3).toFixed(1)+\n ' C90 '+(25+k*2).toFixed(1)+' 136 26 166 48 L170 56'+\n ' C152 '+(tTipY-6).toFixed(1)+' 112 '+(tBladeY-6).toFixed(1)+' 54 '+(tBackY-2).toFixed(1)+' Z'\n );\n }\n c.resGlow.style.opacity = (0.35 + 0.55 * (1 - k)).toFixed(2);\n }\n\n var dx=d.l[0]*k,dy=d.l[1]*k;\n c.low.setAttribute('transform','translate('+dx.toFixed(1)+' '+dy.toFixed(1)+')');\n c.jaw.setAttribute('d','M196 '+(116+dy).toFixed(1)+' C200 '+(152+dy*0.6).toFixed(1)+' 168 '+(168+dy*0.3).toFixed(1)+' 124 '+(166+dy*0.2).toFixed(1)+' C90 164 60 156 46 146');\n c.vel.setAttribute('transform','rotate('+(d.n?0:53*k).toFixed(1)+' 52 38)');\n\n var vb=0;\n if(d.v){if(k>0.5){vb=1.4+1.4*Math.sin(t\/40);}}\n c.vl.setAttribute('transform','translate('+vb.toFixed(2)+' 0)');\n c.vr.setAttribute('transform','translate('+(-vb).toFixed(2)+' 0)');\n\n var ry=Math.max(1.2,(14+dy)*0.57);\n c.mo.setAttribute('ry',ry.toFixed(2));\n c.cl.setAttribute('ry',ry.toFixed(2));\n c.ut.setAttribute('y',(96-ry).toFixed(2));\n c.lt.setAttribute('y',(96+ry-3.5).toFixed(2));\n var o=Math.min(1,Math.max(0,(ry-1.8)\/2)).toFixed(2);\n c.ut.style.opacity=o;\n c.lt.style.opacity=o;\n c.ft.setAttribute('cy',(96+ry-3-(98-pts[1])*0.3).toFixed(2));\n c.air.style.opacity=a.toFixed(2);\n }\n\n function build(card){\n var stamp=card.querySelector('.init-stamp');\n var top=card.querySelector('.init-card-top');\n if(!stamp){return null;}\n var key=stamp.textContent.trim();\n var d=D[key];\n if(!d){return null;}\n uid=uid+1;\n\n var box=document.createElement('div');\n box.className='tg-wrap';\n box.innerHTML=\n '<svg class=\"tg-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 190\" width=\"340\" height=\"190\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Mouth cross-section for '+key+'\">'+\n staticSvg('tgclip'+uid, d.grp)+\n '<\/svg>'+\n '<p class=\"tg-cap\">'+d.c+'<\/p>';\n\n top.insertAdjacentElement('afterend',box);\n\n var air=box.querySelector('.tg-aw');\n air.setAttribute('d',AIR[d.a==='side'?'flow':d.a]);\n if(d.a==='side'){air.setAttribute('class','tg-aw tg-dash');}\n\n var c={\n d:d, t0:performance.now(), vis:true,\n tongue:box.querySelector('.tg-tongue'),\n resGlow:box.querySelector('.tg-res-glow'),\n low:box.querySelector('.tg-low'),\n jaw:box.querySelector('.tg-jaw'),\n vel:box.querySelector('.tg-vel'),\n vl:box.querySelector('.tg-vl'),\n vr:box.querySelector('.tg-vr'),\n mo:box.querySelector('.tg-mo'),\n cl:box.querySelector('.tg-cl'),\n ut:box.querySelector('.tg-ut'),\n lt:box.querySelector('.tg-lt'),\n ft:box.querySelector('.tg-ft'),\n air:air\n };\n\n \/\/ \u5efa\u7acb\u5f8c\u7acb\u5373\u7e6a\u88fd\u9996\u5e40\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7d55\u7121\u5ef6\u9072\u767d\u5c4f\n frame(c, 0, false);\n\n var restart=function(){c.t0=performance.now();};\n box.addEventListener('click',restart);\n var btn=card.querySelector('.init-play');\n if(btn){btn.addEventListener('click',restart);}\n return c;\n }\n\n function go(){\n var cards=[];\n document.querySelectorAll('.init-card').forEach(function(el){\n var c=build(el);\n if(c){cards.push(c);c.el=el;}\n });\n var reduce=window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;\n if(reduce){\n cards.forEach(function(c){frame(c,0,true);});\n return;\n }\n if('IntersectionObserver' in window){\n var io=new IntersectionObserver(function(es){\n es.forEach(function(e){\n cards.forEach(function(c){if(c.el===e.target){c.vis=e.isIntersecting;}});\n });\n });\n cards.forEach(function(c){io.observe(c.el);});\n }\n function loop(now){\n cards.forEach(function(c){if(c.vis){frame(c,now-c.t0,false);}});\n requestAnimationFrame(loop);\n }\n requestAnimationFrame(loop);\n }\n\n if(document.readyState==='loading'){document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',go);}\n else{go();}\n})();\n<\/script>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"58\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-570\" style=\"width:150px;height:29px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-600x115.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-1024x197.png 1024w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-768x148.png 768w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-1536x296.png 1536w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-2048x394.png 2048w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-850x164.png 850w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Do you like it? \ud83d\ude42<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/pronunciation\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-571\" style=\"width:150px;height:43px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-600x171.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8072\u6bcd \u58f0\u6bcd \u00b7 Initials Part 1 \u2014 OneDotDot Chinese \u8072 OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Pronunciation \u8072\u6bcd\u58f0\u6bcdInitials \u2014 Part 1 Every Mandarin syllable opens with a consonant, and the trick isn’t voicing \u2014 it’s breath. This is a listening-first guide to the first 11 initials: b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f \u00b7 d \u00b7 t \u00b7…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"0","tag":"0","restrict_content":"0"},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hsk1"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"b: Like the "p" sound of English word "speak." \/ no air comes out p: Like the "p" sound of English word "pull." \/ air comes out\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"b: Like the "p" sound of English word "speak." \/ no air comes out p: Like the "p" sound of English word "pull." \/ air comes out\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"OneDotDot Chinese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiffany\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiffany\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiffany\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"headline\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":569,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"HSK 1\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\",\"description\":\"b: Like the \\\"p\\\" sound of English word \\\"speak.\\\" \\\/ no air comes out p: Like the \\\"p\\\" sound of English word \\\"pull.\\\" \\\/ air comes out\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png\",\"width\":3050,\"height\":587},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"OneDotDot Chinese\",\"description\":\"Learn a little Chinese every day\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\",\"name\":\"tiffany\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"width\":214,\"height\":214,\"caption\":\"tiffany\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/tiffanys_talk\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/tiffany-huang-mandarin\\\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/tiffany\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","og_description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","og_url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","og_site_name":"OneDotDot Chinese","article_published_time":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"tiffany","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"tiffany","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"},"author":{"name":"tiffany","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"headline":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1","datePublished":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"},"wordCount":569,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","articleSection":["HSK 1"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","name":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","datePublished":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png","width":3050,"height":587},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9801","item":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/","name":"OneDotDot Chinese","description":"Learn a little Chinese every day","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99","name":"tiffany","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","url":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","contentUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","width":214,"height":214,"caption":"tiffany"},"logo":{"@id":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/tiffanys_talk\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tiffany-huang-mandarin\/"],"url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/author\/tiffany\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=896"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18438,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896\/revisions\/18438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \u8072\u6bcd \u58f0\u6bcd \u00b7 Initials Part 1 \u2014 OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin=\"\">\n <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Fraunces:opsz,wght@9..144,400;9..144,500;9..144,600;9..144,700&family=Noto+Serif+TC:wght@500;700&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500;600&family=Inter:wght@400;500;600&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n <style>\n :root{\n --paper:#FFFFFF;\n --paper-dim:#F7F4EE;\n --ink:#2A2723;\n --ink-soft:#5B564C;\n --seal:#B23A2E;\n --seal-dim:#8f2e24;\n --bamboo:#4F6F52;\n --gold:#AD8A4D;\n --velar:#8f6b34;\n --line: rgba(42,39,35,0.13);\n --radius: 3px;\n }\n *{box-sizing:border-box;}\n html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}\n body{\n margin:0;\n background:var(--paper);\n color:var(--ink);\n font-family:'Inter', sans-serif;\n }\n\n .wrap{\n position:relative;\n z-index:1;\n max-width:920px;\n margin:0 auto;\n padding:0 24px;\n background:#FFFFFF;\n background-image:\n radial-gradient(circle at 12% 4%, rgba(178,58,46,0.06), transparent 45%);\n }\n\n .wrap::before{\n content:\"\";\n position:absolute;\n inset:0;\n pointer-events:none;\n opacity:0.25;\n z-index:-1;\n background-image:\n repeating-linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(42,39,35,0.015) 0px, rgba(42,39,35,0.015) 1px, transparent 1px, transparent 3px);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- HERO ---------- *\/\n header.hero{\n padding:72px 0 56px;\n position:relative;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .eyebrow{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12.5px;\n letter-spacing:0.18em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:10px;\n margin-bottom:22px;\n }\n .eyebrow::before{\n content:\"\";\n width:26px; height:1px; background:var(--seal);\n }\n .hero-title{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-weight:600;\n font-size:clamp(32px, 5.5vw, 60px);\n line-height:1.02;\n margin:0 0 8px;\n letter-spacing:-0.01em;\n }\n .hero-title .cjk{\n font-family:'Noto Serif TC', serif;\n font-weight:700;\n color:var(--seal);\n font-size:0.62em;\n vertical-align:2%;\n margin-right:18px;\n display:inline-flex;\n align-items:baseline;\n gap:10px;\n }\n .hero-title .cjk .lang-zh-CN{\n font-size:0.72em;\n color:var(--seal-dim);\n opacity:0.75;\n }\n .hero-sub{\n font-size:17px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.65;\n margin:18px 0 0;\n }\n .hero-stamp{\n position:absolute;\n top:64px; right:24px;\n width:88px; height:88px;\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n transform:rotate(-6deg);\n }\n .hero-stamp svg{width:100%;height:100%;}\n\n .hero-image{\n margin-top:32px;\n border-radius:6px;\n overflow:hidden;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .hero-image img{\n display:block;\n width:100%;\n height:auto;\n }\n\n .support-link{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:14px;\n padding:28px 0 0;\n }\n .support-link p{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:0;\n }\n .support-link a img{\n height:36px;\n width:auto;\n display:block;\n border-radius:4px;\n }\n\n \/* ---------- SERIES STEPPER ---------- *\/\n section.series{padding:40px 0 8px;}\n .series-eyebrow{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12px;\n letter-spacing:0.14em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n display:block;\n margin-bottom:14px;\n }\n .series-steps{\n display:grid;\n grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(170px, 1fr));\n gap:12px;\n }\n .step{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:6px;\n padding:18px 18px 16px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n transition:border-color .2s ease, background .2s ease, transform .2s ease;\n background:var(--paper);\n }\n a.step:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.035);\n transform:translateY(-1px);\n }\n .step .step-num{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:11px;\n color:var(--gold);\n letter-spacing:0.06em;\n }\n .step .step-title{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-weight:600;\n font-size:17px;\n }\n .step .step-desc{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:12px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n }\n .step.current{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.05);\n }\n .step.current .step-num{color:var(--seal);}\n .step.current .step-title{color:var(--seal);}\n\n \/* ---------- OVERVIEW ---------- *\/\n section.overview{\n padding:56px 0;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n section.overview h3{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:22px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 6px;\n }\n section.overview > p{\n font-size:14.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:0 0 24px;\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.6;\n }\n .overview-chip-row{\n display:flex;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n gap:8px;\n }\n .overview-chip{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n font-weight:600;\n padding:8px 15px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-left:3px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:100px;\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n background:var(--paper-dim);\n transition:all .2s ease;\n }\n .overview-chip.grp-b{border-left-color:var(--seal);}\n .overview-chip.grp-d{border-left-color:var(--bamboo);}\n .overview-chip.grp-g{border-left-color:var(--velar);}\n .overview-chip:hover{\n background:var(--paper);\n transform:translateY(-1px);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- NAV ---------- *\/\n nav.groups-nav{\n position:sticky; top:0; z-index:20;\n background:rgba(255,255,255,0.92);\n backdrop-filter:blur(6px);\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n padding:14px 0;\n }\n nav.groups-nav .row{\n display:flex; gap:6px; flex-wrap:wrap;\n align-items:center;\n }\n nav.groups-nav a{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n text-decoration:none;\n color:var(--ink);\n padding:6px 14px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:100px;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n white-space:nowrap;\n }\n nav.groups-nav a:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- GROUP SECTIONS ---------- *\/\n main{padding:64px 0 40px;}\n section.init-group{\n padding:52px 0;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n scroll-margin-top:76px;\n opacity:0;\n transform:translateY(14px);\n transition:opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;\n }\n section.init-group.in-view{opacity:1; transform:translateY(0);}\n section.init-group:last-of-type{border-bottom:none;}\n\n .group-head{margin-bottom:8px;}\n .group-head h2{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:32px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 4px;\n }\n .group-head .subhead{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13px;\n color:var(--bamboo);\n margin:0 0 24px;\n }\n section.init-group.grp-d .group-head .subhead{color:var(--bamboo);}\n section.init-group.grp-g .group-head .subhead{color:var(--velar);}\n\n .init-grid{\n display:grid;\n grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(220px, 1fr));\n gap:14px;\n margin-bottom:26px;\n }\n .init-card{\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n padding:16px;\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:12px;\n background:var(--paper);\n }\n .init-card-top{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:12px;\n }\n .init-stamp{\n width:46px; height:46px;\n border-radius:4px;\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n color:#F4E9DD;\n font-family:'Noto Serif TC', serif;\n font-weight:700;\n font-size:20px;\n flex-shrink:0;\n }\n .grp-b .init-stamp{background:var(--seal);}\n .grp-d .init-stamp{background:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .init-stamp{background:var(--velar);}\n\n .init-play{\n width:34px; height:34px;\n border-radius:50%;\n border:1px solid var(--seal);\n background:transparent;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n cursor:pointer;\n flex-shrink:0;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n padding:0;\n margin-left:auto;\n }\n .init-play:hover{background:var(--seal); color:#F4E9DD;}\n .init-play svg{width:13px; height:13px;}\n\n .init-desc{\n font-size:14.5px;\n line-height:1.6;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n .init-desc u{\n text-decoration:none;\n border-bottom:1.5px solid var(--seal);\n color:var(--seal);\n }\n .badge-row{\n display:flex;\n gap:6px;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .badge{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:11px;\n padding:3px 9px;\n border-radius:100px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n }\n .badge.aspirated{border-color:var(--gold); color:var(--gold);}\n .badge.unaspirated{border-color:var(--bamboo); color:var(--bamboo);}\n .badge.nasal{border-color:var(--seal); color:var(--seal);}\n\n .note{\n font-size:13.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n background:rgba(79,111,82,0.08);\n border-left:2px solid var(--bamboo);\n padding:12px 16px;\n margin:22px 0;\n line-height:1.7;\n }\n section.init-group.grp-g .note{\n background:rgba(143,107,52,0.08);\n border-left-color:var(--velar);\n }\n\n .example-row{\n display:flex; align-items:center; gap:12px;\n background:var(--paper-dim);\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n padding:12px 16px;\n margin:10px 0;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .play-btn{\n width:34px; height:34px;\n border-radius:50%;\n border:1px solid var(--seal);\n background:transparent;\n color:var(--seal);\n display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:center;\n cursor:pointer;\n flex-shrink:0;\n transition:all .2s ease;\n padding:0;\n }\n .play-btn:hover{background:var(--seal); color:#F4E9DD;}\n .play-btn svg{width:13px; height:13px;}\n .example-syllables{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:15px;\n letter-spacing:0.02em;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n .example-syllables .sep{color:var(--gold); margin:0 3px;}\n\n \/* ---------- QUIZ ---------- *\/\n section.quiz{\n padding:56px 0 64px;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .quiz-head{margin-bottom:32px;}\n .quiz-head h2{\n font-family:'Fraunces', serif;\n font-size:30px;\n font-weight:600;\n margin:0 0 8px;\n }\n .quiz-head p{\n font-size:14.5px;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n max-width:560px;\n line-height:1.6;\n margin:0;\n }\n .quiz-q{\n padding:22px 0;\n border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);\n }\n .quiz-q:first-of-type{padding-top:0;}\n .quiz-question{\n font-size:16px;\n margin:0 0 14px;\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n gap:10px;\n }\n .quiz-question .qnum{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n color:var(--gold);\n flex-shrink:0;\n }\n .quiz-options{\n display:flex;\n flex-direction:column;\n gap:8px;\n }\n .quiz-options label{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:10px;\n font-size:14.5px;\n padding:9px 12px;\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:var(--radius);\n cursor:pointer;\n transition:border-color .15s ease, background .15s ease;\n }\n .quiz-options label:hover{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.035);\n }\n .quiz-options input{accent-color:var(--seal);}\n .quiz-q.graded.correct{border-left:3px solid var(--bamboo); padding-left:14px;}\n .quiz-q.graded.incorrect{border-left:3px solid var(--seal); padding-left:14px;}\n .quiz-q.graded .quiz-options label.right-answer{\n border-color:var(--bamboo);\n background:rgba(79,111,82,0.08);\n }\n .quiz-q.graded .quiz-options label.picked-wrong{\n border-color:var(--seal);\n background:rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n .quiz-actions{\n display:flex;\n align-items:center;\n gap:16px;\n margin-top:28px;\n flex-wrap:wrap;\n }\n .quiz-submit{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:13.5px;\n letter-spacing:0.04em;\n color:#F4E9DD;\n background:var(--seal);\n border:none;\n padding:12px 24px;\n border-radius:100px;\n cursor:pointer;\n transition:background .2s ease;\n }\n .quiz-submit:hover{background:var(--seal-dim);}\n .quiz-result{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:14px;\n color:var(--ink);\n }\n\n \/* ---------- FOOTER ---------- *\/\n footer{\n padding:56px 0 72px;\n border-top:1px solid var(--line);\n margin-top:12px;\n }\n .footer-wave{\n width:100%; height:40px;\n opacity:0.5;\n }\n .footer-wave path{fill:none; stroke:var(--seal); stroke-width:1;}\n\n @media (max-width:640px){\n .wrap{padding:0 5px;}\n .series-steps{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n .init-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}\n header.hero{padding:52px 0 40px;}\n .hero-stamp{width:64px;height:64px; top:48px;}\n }\n\n @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){\n section.init-group{transition:none; opacity:1; transform:none;}\n html{scroll-behavior:auto;}\n }\n\n \/* ========================================================\n \u7cbe\u7dfb\u820c\u4f4d\u5716\u8996\u89ba\u6a23\u5f0f\uff08\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8207\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u5347\u7d1a\u7e6a\u88fd\u8cea\u611f\uff09\n ======================================================== *\/\n .tg-wrap{\n border:1px solid var(--line);\n border-radius:6px;\n background:#FAF8F5;\n padding:8px 8px 10px;\n cursor:pointer;\n box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(42,39,35,0.03);\n transition:border-color .25s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;\n }\n .tg-wrap:hover{\n border-color:rgba(178,58,46,0.35);\n box-shadow:0 3px 12px rgba(178,58,46,0.06);\n }\n .tg-svg{\n display:block;\n width:100%;\n height:auto;\n }\n \/* \u89e3\u5256\u9aa8\u58c1\u7dda\u689d\uff1a\u6c89\u7a69\u58a8\u68d5 *\/\n .tg-line{\n fill:none;\n stroke:#3D3833;\n stroke-width:2.2;\n stroke-linecap:round;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n \/* \u8edf\u984e\/\u5c0f\u820c\uff1a\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u89e3\u5256\u539a\u5ea6 *\/\n .tg-velum-body{\n fill:#EAE3D6;\n stroke:#3D3833;\n stroke-width:1.6;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n \/* \u7259\u9f52\u8207\u7259\u9f66 *\/\n .tg-gum{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.22);\n }\n .grp-d .tg-gum{fill:rgba(79,111,82,0.22);}\n .grp-g .tg-gum{fill:rgba(143,107,52,0.22);}\n\n .tg-tooth{\n fill:#FFFFFF;\n stroke:#6E685E;\n stroke-width:1.2;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .tg-front-tooth{\n fill:#FFFFFF;\n stroke:#6E685E;\n stroke-width:0.9;\n }\n \/* \u5507\u74e3\u5074\u5207\u9762\u8207\u6b63\u8996\u9762 *\/\n .tg-lip{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.26);\n stroke:var(--seal);\n stroke-width:1.6;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .tg-lip-front{\n fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.22);\n stroke:var(--seal);\n stroke-width:1.5;\n }\n .grp-d .tg-lip, .grp-d .tg-lip-front{stroke:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .tg-lip, .grp-g .tg-lip-front{stroke:var(--velar);}\n\n \/* \u820c\u9ad4\u6f38\u5c64\u8207\u908a\u7de3\u7dda *\/\n .tg-tongue{\n stroke-width:2;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n }\n .grp-b .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--seal);}\n .grp-d .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--bamboo);}\n .grp-g .tg-tongue{stroke:var(--velar);}\n\n .tg-ft{\n stroke:none;\n }\n .grp-b .tg-ft{fill:rgba(178,58,46,0.45);}\n .grp-d .tg-ft{fill:rgba(79,111,82,0.45);}\n .grp-g .tg-ft{fill:rgba(143,107,52,0.45);}\n\n .tg-vc{fill:#6E685E;}\n \n \/* \u6c23\u6d41\u7bad\u982d\u52d5\u614b *\/\n .tg-aw{\n fill:none;\n stroke:#2E8B7E;\n stroke-width:2.2;\n stroke-linecap:round;\n stroke-linejoin:round;\n opacity:0;\n }\n .tg-aw.tg-dash{stroke-dasharray:3 3;}\n\n \/* \u89e3\u5256\u6587\u5b57\u8207\u7d30\u7dfb\u6a19\u9ede *\/\n .tg-dot{fill:var(--gold);}\n .tg-lb{\n font-family:'JetBrains Mono', monospace;\n font-size:10px;\n font-weight:600;\n letter-spacing:0.06em;\n text-transform:uppercase;\n fill:var(--ink-soft);\n stroke:none;\n }\n .tg-lb-front{\n font-size:9px;\n fill:var(--gold);\n }\n .tg-cap{\n font-size:11.5px;\n line-height:1.45;\n color:var(--ink-soft);\n margin:7px 2px 0;\n padding-top:6px;\n border-top:1px dashed var(--line);\n }\n <\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n\n<div class=\"wrap\">\n <header class=\"hero\">\n <div class=\"hero-stamp\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 100 100\">\n <rect x=\"4\" y=\"4\" width=\"92\" height=\"92\" rx=\"8\" fill=\"#B23A2E\"><\/rect>\n <rect x=\"12\" y=\"12\" width=\"76\" height=\"76\" rx=\"4\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"rgba(255,255,255,0.5)\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"><\/rect>\n <text x=\"50\" y=\"66\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-family=\"'Noto Serif TC', serif\" font-weight=\"700\" font-size=\"46\" fill=\"#F4E9DD\">\u8072<\/text>\n <\/svg>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"eyebrow\">OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Pronunciation<\/div>\n <h1 class=\"hero-title\"><span class=\"cjk\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u8072\u6bcd<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u58f0\u6bcd<\/span><\/span>Initials \u2014 Part 1<\/h1>\n <p class=\"hero-sub\">Every Mandarin syllable opens with a consonant, and the trick isn’t voicing \u2014 it’s <strong>breath<\/strong>. This is a listening-first guide to the first 11 initials: <strong>b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f \u00b7 d \u00b7 t \u00b7 n \u00b7 l \u00b7 g \u00b7 k \u00b7 h<\/strong> \u2014 grouped by where your mouth makes them, and whether air comes out.<\/p>\n <\/header>\n\n <section class=\"series\">\n <span class=\"series-eyebrow\">Hanyu Pinyin \u00b7 a 5-part foundation<\/span>\n <div class=\"series-steps\">\n <span class=\"step current\" aria-current=\"page\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">01<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Initials \u2014 Part 1<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">b p m f \u00b7 d t n l \u00b7 g k h \u2014 you are here<\/span>\n <\/span>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/07\/02\/hanyupinyin2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">02<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Initials \u2014 Part 2<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">j q x \u00b7 zh ch sh r \u00b7 z c s<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/01\/hanyu-pinyin3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">03<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Simple Finals<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">a \u00b7 o \u00b7 i \u00b7 u \u00b7 \u00fc \u00b7 e<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/03\/compound-finals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">04<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Compound Finals<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">ai\u00b7ei\u00b7ao\u00b7ou \u00b7 an\u00b7eng\u00b7ong \u00b7 er, +more<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <a class=\"step\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/02\/22\/pinyin-spelling-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n <span class=\"step-num\">05<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-title\">Spelling Rules<\/span>\n <span class=\"step-desc\">spacing \u00b7 tones \u00b7 y\/w\/yu \u00b7 erhua<\/span>\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <section class=\"overview\">\n <h3>Mastering the 11 initials<\/h3>\n <p>Grouped by where they’re made in the mouth \u2014 lips, tongue-tip, tongue-back. Tap any letter to jump straight to it.<\/p>\n <div class=\"overview-chip-row\">\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">b<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">p<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">m<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-b\" href=\"#group-bpmf\">f<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">d<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">t<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">n<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-d\" href=\"#group-dtnl\">l<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">g<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">k<\/a>\n <a class=\"overview-chip grp-g\" href=\"#group-gkh\">h<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <nav class=\"groups-nav\">\n <div class=\"row\">\n <a href=\"#group-bpmf\">b p m f<\/a>\n <a href=\"#group-dtnl\">d t n l<\/a>\n <a href=\"#group-gkh\">g k h<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/nav>\n\n <main>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-b\" id=\"group-bpmf\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"b_%C2%B7_p_%C2%B7_m_%C2%B7_f\"><\/span>b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">lips and teeth \u2014 bilabial & labiodental<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">b<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/b.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play b\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cp\u201d in \u201cs<u>p<\/u>eak.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">p<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/p.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play p\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cp\u201d in \u201c<u>p<\/u>ull.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">m<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/m.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play m\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cm\u201d in \u201c<u>m<\/u>oon.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><span class=\"badge nasal\">nasal<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">f<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/f.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play f\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cf\u201d in \u201c<u>f<\/u>urther.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">When these initials combine with \u201co\u201d, a short \u201cu\u201d sound sneaks in between \u2014 so the syllable \u201cbo\u201d actually sounds like \u201cb<u>u<\/u>o\u201d.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/babi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ba<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>bi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>bo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>pi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>po<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>pu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/mamo.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ma<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>mo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>mi<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fo<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>fa<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-d\" id=\"group-dtnl\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"d_%C2%B7_t_%C2%B7_n_%C2%B7_l\"><\/span>d \u00b7 t \u00b7 n \u00b7 l<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">tongue-tip against the gum ridge \u2014 alveolar<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">d<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/d.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play d\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ct\u201d in \u201cs<u>t<\/u>one.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">t<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/t.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play t\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ct\u201d in \u201c<u>t<\/u>all.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">n<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/n.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play n\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cn\u201d in \u201c<u>n<\/u>ow.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><span class=\"badge nasal\">nasal<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">l<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/l.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play l\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cl\u201d in \u201c<u>l<\/u>oud.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">For d, t, n: the tip of the tongue touches the gum ridge behind the upper teeth. For l: the tip of the tongue touches the palate instead.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dadi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">da<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>di<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>du<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ta<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ti<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>tu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/nani.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">na<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ni<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>nu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>la<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>li<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>lu<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n \n <section class=\"init-group grp-g\" id=\"group-gkh\">\n <div class=\"group-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"g_%C2%B7_k_%C2%B7_h\"><\/span>g \u00b7 k \u00b7 h<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p class=\"subhead\">tongue-back against the soft palate \u2014 velar<\/p>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"init-grid\">\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">g<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/g.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play g\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ck\u201d in \u201cs<u>k<\/u>y.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">k<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/k.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play k\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201cc\u201d in \u201c<u>c<\/u>urse.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge aspirated\">air comes out<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"init-card\">\n <div class=\"init-card-top\">\n <div class=\"init-stamp\">h<\/div>\n <button class=\"init-play\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/h.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play h\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n <\/div>\n <p class=\"init-desc\">Like the \u201ch\u201d in \u201c<u>h<\/u>urt.\u201d<\/p>\n <div class=\"badge-row\"><span class=\"badge unaspirated\">no air<\/span><\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"note\">For g and k: the back of the tongue rises to press against the soft palate. For h: the back of the tongue rises toward it, without fully touching.<\/div>\n\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/guge.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">gu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ge<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ga<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ka<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ke<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ku<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"example-row\">\n <button class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/hahe.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play example\">\n <svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n <\/button>\n <span class=\"example-syllables\">ha<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>he<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>hu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>gu<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ke<span class=\"sep\">\u00b7<\/span>ga<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n <\/main>\n\n <section class=\"quiz\" id=\"quiz\">\n <div class=\"quiz-head\">\n <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Listening_check_%E2%80%94_9_questions\"><\/span>Listening check \u2014 9 questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n <p>Every clip is the site’s own recording. Press play, then pick what you heard \u2014 no text hints. The last four test your ear for the aspirated \/ unaspirated pairs.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <form id=\"quiz-form\">\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"b\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">01<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/b.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"d\"> d<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"g\"> g<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q1\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"p\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">02<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/p.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"t\"> t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"k\"> k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q2\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"m\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">03<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/m.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"n\"> n<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"b\"> b<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q3\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"f\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">04<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/f.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"h\"> h<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"p\"> p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q4\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"n\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">05<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/n.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"n\"> n<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"m\"> m<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"l\"> l<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q5\" value=\"d\"> d<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"h\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">06<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/h.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n Which initial did you just hear?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"h\"> h<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"g\"> g<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"k\"> k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q6\" value=\"f\"> f<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"bp\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">07<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/babi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q7\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"dt\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">08<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/dadi.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q8\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-q\" data-answer=\"gk\">\n <p class=\"quiz-question\"><span class=\"qnum\">09<\/span>\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"play-btn\" data-src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/guge.m4a\" aria-label=\"Play clip\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8 5v14l11-7z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button>\n This string walks through the no-air \/ air-comes-out contrast between which pair?<\/p>\n <div class=\"quiz-options\">\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"bp\"> b & p<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"dt\"> d & t<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"gk\"> g & k<\/label>\n <label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"q9\" value=\"mn\"> m & n<\/label>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"quiz-actions\">\n <button type=\"button\" class=\"quiz-submit\" id=\"quiz-submit\">Check my answers<\/button>\n <span class=\"quiz-result\" id=\"quiz-result\"><\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/form>\n <\/section>\n\n <footer>\n <svg class=\"footer-wave\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 40\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n <path d=\"M0 20 C 40 2, 80 38, 120 20 S 200 2, 240 20 S 320 38, 360 20 S 440 2, 480 20 S 560 38, 600 20 S 680 2, 720 20 S 780 30, 800 20\"><\/path>\n <\/svg>\n <\/footer>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n let currentAudio = null;\n document.querySelectorAll('.play-btn, .init-play').forEach(btn => {\n btn.addEventListener('click', () => {\n const src = btn.getAttribute('data-src');\n if (currentAudio && !currentAudio.paused) {\n currentAudio.pause();\n currentAudio.currentTime = 0;\n }\n const audio = new Audio(src);\n currentAudio = audio;\n audio.play().catch(() => {});\n });\n });\n\n const sections = document.querySelectorAll('section.init-group');\n const io = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {\n entries.forEach(e => {\n if (e.isIntersecting) {\n e.target.classList.add('in-view');\n io.unobserve(e.target);\n }\n });\n }, { threshold: 0.15 });\n sections.forEach(s => io.observe(s));\n\n const quizSubmit = document.getElementById('quiz-submit');\n const quizResult = document.getElementById('quiz-result');\n quizSubmit.addEventListener('click', () => {\n const questions = document.querySelectorAll('.quiz-q');\n let correctCount = 0;\n questions.forEach(q => {\n const answer = q.getAttribute('data-answer');\n const inputs = q.querySelectorAll('input[type=\"radio\"]');\n let picked = null;\n inputs.forEach(input => {\n const label = input.closest('label');\n label.classList.remove('right-answer', 'picked-wrong');\n if (input.checked) picked = input;\n });\n q.classList.remove('graded', 'correct', 'incorrect');\n q.classList.add('graded');\n const isCorrect = picked && picked.value === answer;\n if (isCorrect) correctCount++;\n q.classList.add(isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect');\n inputs.forEach(input => {\n const label = input.closest('label');\n if (input.value === answer) label.classList.add('right-answer');\n else if (picked && input === picked) label.classList.add('picked-wrong');\n });\n });\n quizResult.textContent = `${correctCount} \/ ${questions.length} correct`;\n quizResult.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' });\n });\n<\/script>\n\n\n<script>\n(function(){\n var REST=[162,98,140,90,112,84,84,84,58,94,40,116,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,134,140,120,158,110];\n var ALV=[164,58,142,64,112,72,84,84,58,98,40,120,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,130,140,100,158,80];\n var LAT=[164,58,142,70,112,84,84,86,58,96,40,118,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,134,140,110,158,80];\n var VEL=[160,100,138,90,104,66,72,37,50,58,38,104,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,132,140,118,158,110];\n var GLO=[160,100,138,90,104,76,72,52,50,68,38,106,34,150,34,176,62,176,84,152,112,132,140,118,158,110];\n var AIR={\n puff:'M204 77 H240 M204 83 H248 M242 78 L248 83 L242 88 M204 89 H240',\n weak:'M204 83 H222 M217 79 L222 83 L217 87',\n flow:'M204 83 H244 M238 79 L244 83 L238 87',\n nose:'M70 14 C110 4 160 6 192 18 M184 10 L192 18 L181 22'\n };\n\n var D={\n b:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'b',c:'Lips seal, then open. Almost no puff of air.'},\n p:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'b',c:'Lips seal, then pop open with a strong puff of air.'},\n m:{p:REST,l:[0,-14],n:1,v:1,a:'nose',grp:'b',c:'Lips sealed, soft palate lowered: the sound flows out through the nose.'},\n f:{p:REST,l:[-4,-16],n:0,v:0,a:'flow',grp:'b',c:'Upper teeth rest on the lower lip; air hisses through the gap.'},\n d:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip taps the gum ridge, then releases. No puff.'},\n t:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip taps the gum ridge, then releases with a puff of air.'},\n n:{p:ALV,l:[0,-9],n:1,v:1,a:'nose',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip on the gum ridge, soft palate lowered: air flows through the nose.'},\n l:{p:LAT,l:[0,-9],n:0,v:1,a:'side',grp:'d',c:'Tongue tip stays on the ridge; air slips out along both sides of the tongue.'},\n g:{p:VEL,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'weak',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue lifts to the soft palate, then releases. No puff.'},\n k:{p:VEL,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'puff',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue lifts to the soft palate, then releases with a puff of air.'},\n h:{p:GLO,l:[0,2],n:0,v:0,a:'flow',grp:'g',c:'Back of the tongue rises toward the soft palate without touching; air rubs through.'}\n };\n\n var uid=0;\n function staticSvg(id, grp){\n var c1 = '#C25B50', c2 = '#8F2E24';\n if(grp === 'd'){ c1 = '#4F6F52'; c2 = '#364F38'; }\n else if(grp === 'g'){ c1 = '#8f6b34'; c2 = '#634921'; }\n\n return ''+\n '<defs>'+\n '<linearGradient id=\"'+id+'_tg\" x1=\"0%\" y1=\"0%\" x2=\"0%\" y2=\"100%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"0%\" stop-color=\"'+c1+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.68\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"50%\" stop-color=\"'+c1+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.4\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"'+c2+'\" stop-opacity=\"0.16\"\/>'+\n '<\/linearGradient>'+\n '<radialGradient id=\"'+id+'_resGlow\" cx=\"45%\" cy=\"40%\" r=\"55%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"0%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0.4\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"60%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0.12\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"#AD8A4D\" stop-opacity=\"0\"\/>'+\n '<\/radialGradient>'+\n '<radialGradient id=\"'+id+'_mo\" cx=\"50%\" cy=\"50%\" r=\"55%\">'+\n '<stop offset=\"25%\" stop-color=\"#1E1413\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"80%\" stop-color=\"#381D1A\"\/>'+\n '<stop offset=\"100%\" stop-color=\"#4F2622\"\/>'+\n '<\/radialGradient>'+\n '<clipPath id=\"'+id+'\"><ellipse class=\"tg-cl\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"22\" ry=\"8\"\/><\/clipPath>'+\n '<\/defs>'+\n '<g transform=\"translate(332 0) scale(-1 1)\">'+\n ''+\n '<path class=\"tg-res-glow\" d=\"\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_resGlow)\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M20 34 V182\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M52 38 C90 24 136 24 166 48 L170 56\"\/>'+\n '<path d=\"M52 38 C92 30 134 30 166 46\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"rgba(91,86,76,0.22)\" stroke-width=\"1.2\" stroke-dasharray=\"3 3\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line\" d=\"M166 46 C168 29 176 21 190 17 C202 14 208 21 212 27 L202 33\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-line tg-jaw\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-vel\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-velum-body\" d=\"M52 38 C46 50 40 64 36 71 C35 74 38 75 41 73 C45 68 51 51 55 40 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tongue\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_tg)\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-up\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-gum\" d=\"M167 50 C171 50 177 52 179 56 L168 56 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tooth\" d=\"M169 56 C172 56 177 56 178 57 L177 73 C174 74 171 74 169 73 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-lip\" d=\"M178 50 C196 52 202 58 202 65 C202 73 194 75 178 75 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<g class=\"tg-low\">'+\n '<path class=\"tg-gum\" d=\"M167 114 C171 114 177 112 179 108 L168 108 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-tooth\" d=\"M169 108 C172 108 177 108 178 107 L177 91 C174 90 171 90 169 91 Z\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-lip\" d=\"M178 90 C194 90 202 93 202 101 C202 109 196 115 178 116 Z\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<polygon class=\"tg-vc tg-vl\" points=\"8,170 20,176 8,182\"\/>'+\n '<polygon class=\"tg-vc tg-vr\" points=\"38,170 26,176 38,182\"\/>'+\n '<path class=\"tg-aw\" d=\"\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-lip-front tg-ol\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"32\" ry=\"21\"\/>'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-mo\" fill=\"url(#'+id+'_mo)\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"96\" rx=\"22\" ry=\"8\"\/>'+\n '<g clip-path=\"url(#'+id+')\">'+\n '<ellipse class=\"tg-ft\" cx=\"40\" cy=\"101\" rx=\"16\" ry=\"7\"\/>'+\n '<rect class=\"tg-ut tg-front-tooth\" x=\"22\" y=\"88\" width=\"36\" height=\"3.5\" rx=\"1.2\"\/>'+\n '<rect class=\"tg-lt tg-front-tooth\" x=\"22\" y=\"100\" width=\"36\" height=\"3.5\" rx=\"1.2\"\/>'+\n '<\/g>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"218\" cy=\"27\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"218\" y=\"17\" text-anchor=\"middle\">palate<\/text>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"248\" cy=\"120\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"248\" y=\"140\" text-anchor=\"middle\">tongue<\/text>'+\n '<circle class=\"tg-dot\" cx=\"138\" cy=\"102\" r=\"2\"\/>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb\" x=\"126\" y=\"105\" text-anchor=\"end\">lips<\/text>'+\n '<text class=\"tg-lb tg-lb-front\" x=\"40\" y=\"132\" text-anchor=\"middle\">front<\/text>';\n }\n\n function ease(x){return x>0.5?1-Math.pow(-2*x+2,2)\/2:2*x*x;}\n\n function spline(p){\n var n=p.length\/2;\n function g(j){var k=(j+n)%n;return [p[2*k],p[2*k+1]];}\n var s=g(0);\n var d='M'+s[0].toFixed(1)+' '+s[1].toFixed(1);\n for(var i=0;n>i;i++){\n var a=g(i-1),b=g(i),c=g(i+1),e=g(i+2);\n d+='C'+(b[0]+(c[0]-a[0])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+(b[1]+(c[1]-a[1])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+\n (c[0]-(e[0]-b[0])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+(c[1]-(e[1]-b[1])\/6).toFixed(1)+' '+\n c[0].toFixed(1)+' '+c[1].toFixed(1);\n }\n return d+'Z';\n }\n\n function frame(c,t,still){\n var d=c.d,k=0,a=0,m=t%2800;\n if(600>m){k=ease(m\/600);}\n else if(1100>m){k=1;}\n else if(1600>m){k=1-ease((m-1100)\/500);}\n\n if(still){k=1;a=0.9;}\n else if(d.a==='puff'||d.a==='weak'){\n var q=(m-1100)\/800;\n if(q>0){if(1>q){a=Math.sin(Math.PI*q);}}\n if(d.a==='weak'){a=a*0.5;}\n } else {\n a=Math.max(0,(k-0.5)*2);\n }\n\n var pts=[];\n for(var i=0;REST.length>i;i++){pts.push(REST[i]+(d.p[i]-REST[i])*k);}\n c.tongue.setAttribute('d',spline(pts));\n\n \/\/ \u5171\u9cf4\u8154\u67d4\u5149\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u9f3b\u97f3 m\/n\uff0c\u5149\u6688\u81ea\u7136\u5ef6\u4f38\u9032\u9f3b\u8154\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5728\u53e3\u8154\u5167\u52d5\u614b\u547c\u61c9\uff09\n if(c.resGlow){\n var tTipY = pts[1], tBladeY = pts[3], tBackY = pts[5];\n if(d.n){\n c.resGlow.setAttribute('d',\n 'M52 38 C90 20 134 18 168 34 C168 46 136 34 52 38 Z'\n );\n } else {\n c.resGlow.setAttribute('d',\n 'M54 '+(38+k*3).toFixed(1)+\n ' C90 '+(25+k*2).toFixed(1)+' 136 26 166 48 L170 56'+\n ' C152 '+(tTipY-6).toFixed(1)+' 112 '+(tBladeY-6).toFixed(1)+' 54 '+(tBackY-2).toFixed(1)+' Z'\n );\n }\n c.resGlow.style.opacity = (0.35 + 0.55 * (1 - k)).toFixed(2);\n }\n\n var dx=d.l[0]*k,dy=d.l[1]*k;\n c.low.setAttribute('transform','translate('+dx.toFixed(1)+' '+dy.toFixed(1)+')');\n c.jaw.setAttribute('d','M196 '+(116+dy).toFixed(1)+' C200 '+(152+dy*0.6).toFixed(1)+' 168 '+(168+dy*0.3).toFixed(1)+' 124 '+(166+dy*0.2).toFixed(1)+' C90 164 60 156 46 146');\n c.vel.setAttribute('transform','rotate('+(d.n?0:53*k).toFixed(1)+' 52 38)');\n\n var vb=0;\n if(d.v){if(k>0.5){vb=1.4+1.4*Math.sin(t\/40);}}\n c.vl.setAttribute('transform','translate('+vb.toFixed(2)+' 0)');\n c.vr.setAttribute('transform','translate('+(-vb).toFixed(2)+' 0)');\n\n var ry=Math.max(1.2,(14+dy)*0.57);\n c.mo.setAttribute('ry',ry.toFixed(2));\n c.cl.setAttribute('ry',ry.toFixed(2));\n c.ut.setAttribute('y',(96-ry).toFixed(2));\n c.lt.setAttribute('y',(96+ry-3.5).toFixed(2));\n var o=Math.min(1,Math.max(0,(ry-1.8)\/2)).toFixed(2);\n c.ut.style.opacity=o;\n c.lt.style.opacity=o;\n c.ft.setAttribute('cy',(96+ry-3-(98-pts[1])*0.3).toFixed(2));\n c.air.style.opacity=a.toFixed(2);\n }\n\n function build(card){\n var stamp=card.querySelector('.init-stamp');\n var top=card.querySelector('.init-card-top');\n if(!stamp){return null;}\n var key=stamp.textContent.trim();\n var d=D[key];\n if(!d){return null;}\n uid=uid+1;\n\n var box=document.createElement('div');\n box.className='tg-wrap';\n box.innerHTML=\n '<svg class=\"tg-svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 340 190\" width=\"340\" height=\"190\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Mouth cross-section for '+key+'\">'+\n staticSvg('tgclip'+uid, d.grp)+\n '<\/svg>'+\n '<p class=\"tg-cap\">'+d.c+'<\/p>';\n\n top.insertAdjacentElement('afterend',box);\n\n var air=box.querySelector('.tg-aw');\n air.setAttribute('d',AIR[d.a==='side'?'flow':d.a]);\n if(d.a==='side'){air.setAttribute('class','tg-aw tg-dash');}\n\n var c={\n d:d, t0:performance.now(), vis:true,\n tongue:box.querySelector('.tg-tongue'),\n resGlow:box.querySelector('.tg-res-glow'),\n low:box.querySelector('.tg-low'),\n jaw:box.querySelector('.tg-jaw'),\n vel:box.querySelector('.tg-vel'),\n vl:box.querySelector('.tg-vl'),\n vr:box.querySelector('.tg-vr'),\n mo:box.querySelector('.tg-mo'),\n cl:box.querySelector('.tg-cl'),\n ut:box.querySelector('.tg-ut'),\n lt:box.querySelector('.tg-lt'),\n ft:box.querySelector('.tg-ft'),\n air:air\n };\n\n \/\/ \u5efa\u7acb\u5f8c\u7acb\u5373\u7e6a\u88fd\u9996\u5e40\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7d55\u7121\u5ef6\u9072\u767d\u5c4f\n frame(c, 0, false);\n\n var restart=function(){c.t0=performance.now();};\n box.addEventListener('click',restart);\n var btn=card.querySelector('.init-play');\n if(btn){btn.addEventListener('click',restart);}\n return c;\n }\n\n function go(){\n var cards=[];\n document.querySelectorAll('.init-card').forEach(function(el){\n var c=build(el);\n if(c){cards.push(c);c.el=el;}\n });\n var reduce=window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;\n if(reduce){\n cards.forEach(function(c){frame(c,0,true);});\n return;\n }\n if('IntersectionObserver' in window){\n var io=new IntersectionObserver(function(es){\n es.forEach(function(e){\n cards.forEach(function(c){if(c.el===e.target){c.vis=e.isIntersecting;}});\n });\n });\n cards.forEach(function(c){io.observe(c.el);});\n }\n function loop(now){\n cards.forEach(function(c){if(c.vis){frame(c,now-c.t0,false);}});\n requestAnimationFrame(loop);\n }\n requestAnimationFrame(loop);\n }\n\n if(document.readyState==='loading'){document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',go);}\n else{go();}\n})();\n<\/script>\n\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"58\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-570\" style=\"width:150px;height:29px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-600x115.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-1024x197.png 1024w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-768x148.png 768w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-1536x296.png 1536w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-2048x394.png 2048w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-850x164.png 850w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Do you like it? \ud83d\ude42<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/pronunciation\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-571\" style=\"width:150px;height:43px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-600x171.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8072\u6bcd \u58f0\u6bcd \u00b7 Initials Part 1 \u2014 OneDotDot Chinese \u8072 OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Pronunciation \u8072\u6bcd\u58f0\u6bcdInitials \u2014 Part 1 Every Mandarin syllable opens with a consonant, and the trick isn’t voicing \u2014 it’s breath. This is a listening-first guide to the first 11 initials: b \u00b7 p \u00b7 m \u00b7 f \u00b7 d \u00b7 t \u00b7…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"0","tag":"0","restrict_content":"0"},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hsk1"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"b: Like the "p" sound of English word "speak." \/ no air comes out p: Like the "p" sound of English word "pull." \/ air comes out\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"b: Like the "p" sound of English word "speak." \/ no air comes out p: Like the "p" sound of English word "pull." \/ air comes out\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"OneDotDot Chinese\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiffany\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiffany\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiffany\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"headline\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":569,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"HSK 1\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\",\"name\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00\",\"description\":\"b: Like the \\\"p\\\" sound of English word \\\"speak.\\\" \\\/ no air comes out p: Like the \\\"p\\\" sound of English word \\\"pull.\\\" \\\/ air comes out\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png\",\"width\":3050,\"height\":587},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/27\\\/hanyupinyin1\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"OneDotDot Chinese\",\"description\":\"Learn a little Chinese every day\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99\",\"name\":\"tiffany\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\",\"width\":214,\"height\":214,\"caption\":\"tiffany\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/06\\\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/tiffanys_talk\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/tiffany-huang-mandarin\\\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tiffanysmandarin.com\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/tiffany\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","og_description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","og_url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","og_site_name":"OneDotDot Chinese","article_published_time":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"tiffany","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"tiffany","Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"},"author":{"name":"tiffany","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"headline":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1","datePublished":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"},"wordCount":569,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","articleSection":["HSK 1"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/","name":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1 - OneDotDot Chinese","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x-300x58.png","datePublished":"2022-06-27T15:47:07+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-23T02:39:26+00:00","description":"b: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"speak.\" \/ no air comes out p: Like the \"p\" sound of English word \"pull.\" \/ air comes out","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/fcacd-buymeacoffee_red402x.png","width":3050,"height":587},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/06\/27\/hanyupinyin1\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9801","item":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Hanyu Pinyin Initials Part 1"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/","name":"OneDotDot Chinese","description":"Learn a little Chinese every day","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3556e1160fac98b190d03b8aa8604d99","name":"tiffany","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","url":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","contentUrl":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png","width":214,"height":214,"caption":"tiffany"},"logo":{"@id":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/cropped-logo_tiffany2-1.png"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/tiffanys_talk\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/tiffany-huang-mandarin\/"],"url":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/author\/tiffany\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=896"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18438,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/896\/revisions\/18438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}