{"id":8699,"date":"2023-06-30T23:42:52","date_gmt":"2023-06-30T15:42:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?p=8699"},"modified":"2026-10-03T23:52:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T15:52:22","slug":"and-so-on","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/30\/and-so-on\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cAnd so on\u201d in Chinese &#8211; \u7b49 d\u011bng"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/30\/and-so-on\/#1Structure\" >1Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/30\/and-so-on\/#2%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%9A%84_shenme_de_vs_%E7%AD%89%E7%AD%89_deng\" >2\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684 sh\u00e9nme de vs. \u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/30\/and-so-on\/#3Common_Mistakes\" >3Common Mistakes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/30\/and-so-on\/#4Practice\" >4Practice<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:6px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" 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!important;border-top:1px solid var(--line) !important;}\n  .odc-article .related-grammar h4{\n    font-size:13px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;\n    color:var(--gold) !important;margin:0 0 6px !important;\n  }\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .row{\n    display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:12px;\n    padding:18px 0 !important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line) !important;\n    text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink) !important;\n  }\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .row:last-child{border-bottom:none !important;}\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .row:hover .title{color:var(--gold) !important;}\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .arrow{color:#c17a6a !important;font-weight:700;font-size:17px;flex-shrink:0;}\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .title{font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;}\n  .odc-article .related-grammar .level{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft) !important;}\n\n  .odc-article .cta-strip{\n    margin-top:56px;padding:26px;border-radius:var(--radius);\n    background:#f8e9e5 !important;border:1px solid var(--line) !important;color:var(--ink) !important;text-align:center !important;\n  }\n  .odc-article .cta-strip p{color:var(--ink-soft) !important;opacity:1;margin:0 0 12px;font-size:14.5px;}\n  .odc-article .cta-strip a.btn{\n    display:inline-block;background:var(--gold) !important;color:#ffffff !important;text-decoration:none;\n    padding:11px 26px;border-radius:999px;font-weight:700;font-size:14.5px;\n  }\n\n  @media (max-width:560px){\n    .odc-article .topbar{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}\n    .odc-article .hero{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}\n    .odc-article main{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}\n  }\n  .odc-article .tbl-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin:20px 0 8px !important;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:0 !important;font-size:15px;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table th,.odc-article .compare-table td{padding:12px 14px !important;text-align:left !important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line) !important;vertical-align:top;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table th{font-size:12px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#ffffff !important;background:var(--gold) !important;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table th:first-child{border-top-left-radius:8px;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table th:last-child{border-top-right-radius:8px;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table td:first-child{font-weight:700;color:var(--amber) !important;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table tr:last-child td{border-bottom:none !important;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table tr:nth-child(even) td{background:var(--paper-deep) !important;}\n  .odc-article .mistake-pair .row.right + .row.right{margin-top:-2px;}\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"topbar\">\n  <div class=\"brandmark\"><span class=\"dot\"><\/span> OneDotDot Chinese<\/div>\n  <div>Grammar \u00b7 HSK 4<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<header class=\"hero\">\n  <div class=\"hero-inner\">\n    <div class=\"eyebrow\">Grammar Point \u00b7 <span>HSK 4<\/span><\/div>\n    <h1 class=\"hero-title\"><span class=\"h2-title\"><span class=\"cjk\">\u201cAnd So On\u201d in Chinese 2<\/span> <span class=\"accent\">\u2014 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng &amp; <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n    <p class=\"hero-sub\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng means \u201cetc.\u201d or \u201cand so on\u201d at the end of a list. It\u2019s more formal and written than <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684<\/span> sh\u00e9nme de, and you can repeat it as <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng to sound a little less formal.<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n<main>\n  <div class=\"lede-row\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lede-img\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/And-so-on-in-Chinese-shenme-de-deng-deng.png\" alt=\"\u7b49 d\u011bng and \u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bngd\u011bng and so on in Chinese\">\n    <p class=\"lede\" style=\"border:none !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;\">You\u2019ll see <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng everywhere in news, signs, menus, and textbooks. It can also be followed by a noun that sums up the whole list, something <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684<\/span> sh\u00e9nme de can\u2019t do.<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1Structure\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Structure<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <h3>Example 1\u3001Example 2\u3001Example 3 + <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng \/ <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/h3>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559c\u6b61<\/span><rt>x\u01d0hu\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5403<\/span><rt>ch\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6bd4\u5982<\/span><rt>b\u01d0r\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u860b\u679c<\/span><rt>p\u00ednggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6a58\u5b50<\/span><rt>j\u00fazi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9999\u8549<\/span><rt>xi\u0101ngji\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559c\u6b22<\/span><rt>x\u01d0huan<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5403<\/span><rt>ch\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6bd4\u5982<\/span><rt>b\u01d0r\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u82f9\u679c<\/span><rt>p\u00ednggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6a59\u5b50<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngzi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9999\u8549<\/span><rt>xi\u0101ngji\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">He likes fruit, such as apples, oranges, bananas, and so on.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6b50\u6d32<\/span><rt>\u014cuzh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305\u542b<\/span><rt>b\u0101oh\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8a31\u591a<\/span><rt>x\u01d4du\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u570b\u5bb6<\/span><rt>gu\u00f3ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u50cf<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5fb7\u570b<\/span><rt>D\u00e9gu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u73ed\u7259<\/span><rt>X\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7fa9\u5927\u5229<\/span><rt>Y\u00ecd\u00e0l\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6b27\u6d32<\/span><rt>\u014cuzh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305\u542b<\/span><rt>b\u0101oh\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bb8\u591a<\/span><rt>x\u01d4du\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u56fd\u5bb6<\/span><rt>gu\u00f3ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u50cf<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5fb7\u56fd<\/span><rt>D\u00e9gu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u73ed\u7259<\/span><rt>X\u012bb\u0101ny\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u610f\u5927\u5229<\/span><rt>Y\u00ecd\u00e0l\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Europe includes many countries, such as Germany, Spain, Italy, etc.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">101<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6545\u5bae<\/span><rt>G\u00f9g\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u58eb\u6797<\/span><rt>Sh\u00ecl\u00edn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u591c\u5e02<\/span><rt>y\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709\u540d<\/span><rt>y\u01d2um\u00edng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u89c0\u5149<\/span><rt>gu\u0101ngu\u0101ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u666f\u9ede<\/span><rt>j\u01d0ngdi\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">101<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6545\u5bab<\/span><rt>G\u00f9g\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u58eb\u6797<\/span><rt>Sh\u00ecl\u00edn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u591c\u5e02<\/span><rt>y\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709\u540d<\/span><rt>y\u01d2um\u00edng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u89c2\u5149<\/span><rt>gu\u0101ngu\u0101ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u666f\u70b9<\/span><rt>j\u01d0ngdi\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Taipei 101, the National Palace Museum, Shilin Night Market, etc. are all famous tourist spots in Taiwan.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u65b0\u51a0<\/span><rt>x\u012bngu\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u80ba\u708e<\/span><rt>f\u00e8iy\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75c7\u72c0<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngzhu\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5589\u56a8<\/span><rt>h\u00f3ul\u00f3ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75db<\/span><rt>t\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u767c\u71d2<\/span><rt>f\u0101sh\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54b3\u55fd<\/span><rt>k\u00e9s\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u65b0\u51a0<\/span><rt>x\u012bngu\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u80ba\u708e<\/span><rt>f\u00e8iy\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75c7\u72b6<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngzhu\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5589\u5499<\/span><rt>h\u00f3ulong<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75db<\/span><rt>t\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53d1\u70e7<\/span><rt>f\u0101sh\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54b3\u55fd<\/span><rt>k\u00e9sou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Symptoms of COVID-19 include a sore throat, fever, cough, and so on.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <h3>Example 1\u3001Example 2 + <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng + Summary Noun<\/h3>\n  <p><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng can be followed by a noun that names the whole group, like \u201cfoods,\u201d \u201cfruits,\u201d or \u201cbills.\u201d In this pattern, only <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng works, not <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5982\u679c<\/span><rt>r\u00fagu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u70b8<\/span><rt>zh\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96de\u6392<\/span><rt>j\u012bp\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9ebb\u8fa3<\/span><rt>m\u00e1l\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u706b\u934b<\/span><rt>hu\u01d2gu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c\u51b0<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2b\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u98df\u7269<\/span><rt>sh\u00edw\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span><rt>y\u00edd\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8a66\u8a66<\/span><rt>sh\u00ecsh\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5982\u679c<\/span><rt>r\u00fagu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u70b8<\/span><rt>zh\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9e21\u6392<\/span><rt>j\u012bp\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9ebb\u8fa3<\/span><rt>m\u00e1l\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u706b\u9505<\/span><rt>hu\u01d2gu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c\u51b0<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2b\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u98df\u7269<\/span><rt>sh\u00edw\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span><rt>y\u00edd\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bd5\u8bd5<\/span><rt>sh\u00ecshi<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">If you come to Taiwan, you have to try foods like fried chicken cutlets, spicy hot pot, and mango shaved ice.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div style=\"position:relative !important;width:100% !important;padding-bottom:56.25% !important;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;margin:26px 0 !important;\">\n    <iframe style=\"position:absolute !important;top:0;left:0;width:100% !important;height:100% !important;border:none;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GYr6bhUyrKs?start=94\" title=\"Taiwanese food\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9cf3\u68a8<\/span><rt>f\u00e8ngl\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u71b1\u5e36<\/span><rt>r\u00e8d\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u975e\u5e38<\/span><rt>f\u0113ich\u00e1ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1ny\u00ed<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u83e0\u841d<\/span><rt>b\u014dlu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u70ed\u5e26<\/span><rt>r\u00e8d\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u975e\u5e38<\/span><rt>f\u0113ich\u00e1ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1nyi<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Tropical fruits such as mangoes, watermelons, and pineapples are all very cheap in Taiwan.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8a71\u8cbb<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nhu\u00e0f\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u96fb\u8cbb<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0di\u00e0nf\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u74e6\u65af\u8cbb<\/span><rt>w\u01ces\u012bf\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e33\u55ae<\/span><rt>zh\u00e0ngd\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u592a\u592a<\/span><rt>t\u00e0itai<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8655\u7406<\/span><rt>ch\u01d4l\u01d0<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8bdd\u8d39<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nhu\u00e0f\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u7535\u8d39<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0di\u00e0nf\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7164\u6c14\u8d39<\/span><rt>m\u00e9iq\u00ecf\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8d26\u5355<\/span><rt>zh\u00e0ngd\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u59bb\u5b50<\/span><rt>q\u012bzi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5904\u7406<\/span><rt>ch\u01d4l\u01d0<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Bills like the phone bill, the water and electricity bill, and the gas bill are all handled by my wife.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"callout fyi\">\n    <div class=\"callout-label\">\ud83d\udca1 Good to Know<\/div>\n    <p>When <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng is followed by a <strong>number<\/strong> + summary noun, it actually closes the list: everything has been named.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"cex\">\n      <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u5317<\/span><rt>T\u00e1ib\u011bi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u4e2d<\/span><rt>T\u00e1izh\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9ad8\u96c4<\/span><rt>G\u0101oxi\u00f3ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e09<\/span><rt>s\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u500b<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u5317<\/span><rt>T\u00e1ib\u011bi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u4e2d<\/span><rt>T\u00e1izh\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9ad8\u96c4<\/span><rt>G\u0101oxi\u00f3ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e09<\/span><rt>s\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2a<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n      <div class=\"en\">the three cities of Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <p>And don\u2019t confuse it with the verb <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng (\u201cto wait\u201d): on its own, <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng! means \u201cWait a sec!\u201d<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E7%9A%84_shenme_de_vs_%E7%AD%89%E7%AD%89_deng\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684<\/span> sh\u00e9nme de vs. <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <div class=\"tbl-wrap\"><table class=\"compare-table\">\n    <tbody><tr><th><\/th><th><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684<\/span> sh\u00e9nme de<\/th><th><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng \/ <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/th><\/tr>\n    <tr><td>Register<\/td><td>Casual, spoken<\/td><td>Formal, written (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> is a bit softer)<\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr><td>+ summary noun<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2705 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng only<\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr><td>After one example<\/td><td>\u2705 \u201c\u2026 or something\u201d<\/td><td>Usually two or more examples<\/td><\/tr>\n  <\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3Common_Mistakes\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Common Mistakes<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <div class=\"mistake-pair\">\n    <div class=\"row wrong\"><span class=\"mark\">\u274c<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1ny\u00ed<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1nyi<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"row right\"><span class=\"mark\">\u2705<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1ny\u00ed<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8292\u679c<\/span><rt>m\u00e1nggu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u897f\u74dc<\/span><rt>x\u012bgu\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6c34\u679c<\/span><rt>shu\u01d0gu\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4fbf\u5b9c<\/span><rt>pi\u00e1nyi<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"why\">When a summary noun follows the list, use <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng, not <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bngd\u011bng.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"mistake-pair\">\n    <div class=\"row wrong\"><span class=\"mark\">\u274c<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u672c\u5e97<\/span><rt>b\u011bndi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><rt>t\u00edg\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8336<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u679c\u6c41<\/span><rt>gu\u01d2zh\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u98f2\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u672c\u5e97<\/span><rt>b\u011bndi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><rt>t\u00edg\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8336<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u679c\u6c41<\/span><rt>gu\u01d2zh\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u996e\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"row right\"><span class=\"mark\">\u2705<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u672c\u5e97<\/span><rt>b\u011bndi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><rt>t\u00edg\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8336<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u679c\u6c41<\/span><rt>gu\u01d2zh\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u98f2\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u672c\u5e97<\/span><rt>b\u011bndi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span><rt>t\u00edg\u014dng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8336<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u679c\u6c41<\/span><rt>gu\u01d2zh\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u996e\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"why\">A shop notice is formal writing, and the list is followed by a summary noun. Both point to <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7b49<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7b49<\/span> d\u011bng.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4Practice\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Practice<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <p>Translate each sentence into Chinese, then tap the card to check your answer.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">01<\/span>This store sells clothes, shoes, bags, and so on.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u9019<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6<\/span><rt>ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e97<\/span><rt>di\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ce3<\/span><rt>m\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8863\u670d<\/span><rt>y\u012bf\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u978b\u5b50<\/span><rt>xi\u00e9zi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305\u5305<\/span><rt>b\u0101ob\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6<\/span><rt>ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e97<\/span><rt>di\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5356<\/span><rt>m\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8863\u670d<\/span><rt>y\u012bfu<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u978b\u5b50<\/span><rt>xi\u00e9zi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305\u5305<\/span><rt>b\u0101obao<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">02<\/span>Japan, Korea, Thailand, and other countries are very popular with Taiwanese people.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u65e5\u672c<\/span><rt>R\u00ecb\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u97d3\u570b<\/span><rt>H\u00e1ngu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cf0\u570b<\/span><rt>T\u00e0igu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u570b\u5bb6<\/span><rt>gu\u00f3ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53d7<\/span><rt>sh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063\u4eba<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101nr\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6b61\u8fce<\/span><rt>hu\u0101ny\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u65e5\u672c<\/span><rt>R\u00ecb\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u97e9\u56fd<\/span><rt>H\u00e1ngu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cf0\u56fd<\/span><rt>T\u00e0igu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u56fd\u5bb6<\/span><rt>gu\u00f3ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53d7<\/span><rt>sh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e\u4eba<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101nr\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6b22\u8fce<\/span><rt>hu\u0101ny\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">03<\/span>Please bring your passport, photos, and other documents.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8acb<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e36<\/span><rt>d\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8b77\u7167<\/span><rt>h\u00f9zh\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7167\u7247<\/span><rt>zh\u00e0opi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><rt>w\u00e9nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8bf7<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e26<\/span><rt>d\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u62a4\u7167<\/span><rt>h\u00f9zh\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7167\u7247<\/span><rt>zh\u00e0opi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><rt>w\u00e9nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">04<\/span>Common cold symptoms include a runny nose, a headache, and so on.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u611f\u5192<\/span><rt>g\u01cenm\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e38\u898b<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1ngji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75c7\u72c0<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngzhu\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6d41<\/span><rt>li\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9f3b\u6c34<\/span><rt>b\u00edshu\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u982d<\/span><rt>t\u00f3u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75db<\/span><rt>t\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u611f\u5192<\/span><rt>g\u01cenm\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e38\u89c1<\/span><rt>ch\u00e1ngji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75c7\u72b6<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngzhu\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6d41<\/span><rt>li\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9f3b\u6d95<\/span><rt>b\u00edt\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5934<\/span><rt>t\u00f3u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u75db<\/span><rt>t\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">05<\/span>She has been to Paris, London, Tokyo, and other cities.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5979<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u904e<\/span><rt>gu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df4\u9ece<\/span><rt>B\u0101l\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u502b\u6566<\/span><rt>L\u00fand\u016bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6771\u4eac<\/span><rt>D\u014dngj\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5979<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8fc7<\/span><rt>gu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df4\u9ece<\/span><rt>B\u0101l\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f26\u6566<\/span><rt>L\u00fand\u016bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e1c\u4eac<\/span><rt>D\u014dngj\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">06<\/span>We need to prepare tables, chairs, drinks, and so on.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u5011<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9700\u8981<\/span><rt>x\u016by\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6e96\u5099<\/span><rt>zh\u01d4nb\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u684c\u5b50<\/span><rt>zhu\u014dzi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6905\u5b50<\/span><rt>y\u01d0zi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u98f2\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u4eec<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9700\u8981<\/span><rt>x\u016by\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u51c6\u5907<\/span><rt>zh\u01d4nb\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u684c\u5b50<\/span><rt>zhu\u014dzi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6905\u5b50<\/span><rt>y\u01d0zi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u996e\u6599<\/span><rt>y\u01d0nli\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bngd\u011bng<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">07<\/span>Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou \u2014 these three cities are all very big.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5317\u4eac<\/span><rt>B\u011bij\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0a\u6d77<\/span><rt>Sh\u00e0ngh\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5ee3\u5dde<\/span><rt>Gu\u01cengzh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e09<\/span><rt>s\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u500b<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5927<\/span><rt>d\u00e0<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5317\u4eac<\/span><rt>B\u011bij\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0a\u6d77<\/span><rt>Sh\u00e0ngh\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e7f\u5dde<\/span><rt>Gu\u01cengzh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e09<\/span><rt>s\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2a<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u57ce\u5e02<\/span><rt>ch\u00e9ngsh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5927<\/span><rt>d\u00e0<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">08<\/span>Vegetables like cabbage and spinach are very healthy.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u9ad8\u9e97\u83dc<\/span><rt>g\u0101ol\u00ecc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u83e0\u83dc<\/span><rt>b\u014dc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u852c\u83dc<\/span><rt>sh\u016bc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5065\u5eb7<\/span><rt>ji\u00e0nk\u0101ng<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5377\u5fc3\u83dc<\/span><rt>ju\u01cenx\u012bnc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u3001<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u83e0\u83dc<\/span><rt>b\u014dc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b49<\/span><rt>d\u011bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u852c\u83dc<\/span><rt>sh\u016bc\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90fd<\/span><rt>d\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5065\u5eb7<\/span><rt>ji\u00e0nk\u0101ng<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"related-grammar\">\n    <h4>Related Grammar<\/h4>\n    <a class=\"row\" href=\"#\"><span class=\"arrow\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"title\">\u201cAnd So On\u201d in Chinese 1 \u2014 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684<\/span> sh\u00e9nme de<\/span><span class=\"level\">(HSK 2)<\/span><\/a>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"cta-strip\">\n    <p>Enjoyed this post? Buy me a coffee so I can keep writing more of these \u2615<\/p>\n    <a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Support OneDotDot Chinese<\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<\/main>\n\n<script>\n  document.querySelectorAll('.odc-article .practice').forEach(card=>{\n    card.addEventListener('click', ()=>{\n      card.classList.toggle('revealed');\n      const hint = card.querySelector('.hint');\n      hint.textContent = card.classList.contains('revealed') ? '\ud83d\udc46\u2705 Tap to hide' : '\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal';\n    });\n  });\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/b1-hsk4\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-571\" style=\"width:150px;height:43px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-600x171.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>OneDotDot Chinese Grammar \u00b7 HSK 4 Grammar Point \u00b7 HSK 4 \u201cAnd So On\u201d in Chinese 2 \u2014 \u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bng &amp; \u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bngd\u011bng \u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bng means \u201cetc.\u201d or \u201cand so on\u201d at the end of a list. It\u2019s more formal and written than \u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684 sh\u00e9nme de, and you can repeat it as \u7b49\u7b49\u7b49\u7b49 d\u011bngd\u011bng to&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"0","tag":"0","restrict_content":"0"},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hsk4"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u201cAnd so on\u201d in Chinese - \u7b49 d\u011bng - OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In Chinese, the phrase &quot;And so on&quot; 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