{"id":6199,"date":"2023-04-10T15:27:36","date_gmt":"2023-04-10T07:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?p=6199"},"modified":"2026-10-03T23:02:22","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T15:02:22","slug":"shi-de-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"\u662f sh\u00ec \u2026 \u7684 de Structure 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#1When_to_use_it\" >1When to use it?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#2What_do_I_need_to_know\" >2What do I need to know?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#3Structure\" >3Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#4Where_to_place_the_object\" >4Where to place the object<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#5%E4%BA%86%E4%BA%86_le_vs_%E6%98%AF%E6%98%AF_shi_%E2%80%A6_%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84_de\" >5\u4e86\u4e86 le vs. \u662f\u662f sh\u00ec \u2026 \u7684\u7684 de<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#6Common_Mistakes\" >6Common Mistakes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/04\/10\/shi-de-structure\/#7Practice\" >7Practice<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:7px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"odc-article\">\n<style>\n  .odc-article{\n    --ink:#2b2620 !important;\n    --ink-soft:#5a5248 !important;\n    --paper:#ffffff !important;\n    --paper-deep:#f5f8f4 !important;\n    --gold:#4d7c5f 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TC',serif;font-size:18px;line-height:2.5;}\n  .odc-article .dlg .hanzi ruby{ruby-position:over;margin:0 1px;}\n  .odc-article .dlg .hanzi rt{font-family:'Inter','Noto Sans TC',sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:11px;}\n  .odc-article .dlg .en{font-size:14px;margin-top:2px !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-a{background:var(--jade-soft) !important;color:var(--ink) !important;margin-right:12% !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-a .spk{background:#ffffff !important;color:var(--amber) !important;border:1.5px solid var(--gold) !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-a .hanzi rt,.odc-article .dlg-a .en{color:var(--ink-soft) !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-b{background:var(--amber) !important;color:#ffffff !important;margin-left:12% !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-b .spk{background:#ffffff !important;color:var(--amber) !important;}\n  .odc-article .dlg-b .hanzi,.odc-article .dlg-b .hanzi rt,.odc-article .dlg-b .en,.odc-article .dlg-b strong{color:#ffffff !important;}\n  @media (max-width:560px){.odc-article .dlg-a{margin-right:0 !important;}.odc-article .dlg-b{margin-left:0 !important;}}\n  .odc-article .hero-title .accent.sub{display:block !important;flex-basis:100% !important;font-size:clamp(21px,3vw,29px) !important;line-height:1.4 !important;margin-top:6px !important;}\n  .odc-article ul.uses{margin:14px 0 8px 0 !important;padding-left:22px !important;}\n  .odc-article ul.uses li{margin:0 0 8px !important;font-size:16px;color:var(--ink) !important;line-height:1.75;}\n  .odc-article ul.uses li::marker{color:var(--gold) !important;}\n  .odc-article .compare-table td small{display:block;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft) !important;font-weight:400;margin-top:4px !important;}\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"topbar\">\n  <div class=\"brandmark\"><span class=\"dot\"><\/span> OneDotDot Chinese<\/div>\n  <div>Grammar \u00b7 HSK 2<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<header class=\"hero\">\n  <div class=\"hero-inner\">\n    <div class=\"eyebrow\">Grammar Point \u00b7 <span>HSK 2<\/span><\/div>\n    <h1 class=\"hero-title\"><span class=\"h2-title\"><span class=\"cjk\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/span> <span class=\"accent sub\">Structure 1 \u2014 emphasizing details of the past<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n    <p class=\"hero-sub\">The <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de structure puts the spotlight on one detail of something that <strong>already happened<\/strong>: the time, the place, the way it was done, or who did it.<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/header>\n\n<main>\n  <div class=\"lede-row\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lede-img\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/%E6%98%AF-shi%E2%80%A6-%E7%9A%84-de-Chinese-Grammar.png\" alt=\"\u662f sh\u00ec \u2026 \u7684 de Chinese grammar\">\n    <p class=\"lede\" style=\"border:none !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;\">Both speakers already know the event happened. What matters is the detail: when, where, how, or with whom. That\u2019s why it\u2019s so useful for answering questions and adding detail in conversation.<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1When_to_use_it\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">1<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">When to use it?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <ul class=\"uses\">\n    <li>To <strong>explain<\/strong> a situation by emphasizing a particular detail<\/li>\n    <li>To <strong>correct<\/strong> a piece of information<\/li>\n    <li>To <strong>ask for<\/strong> a specific piece of information<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2What_do_I_need_to_know\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">2<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">What do I need to know?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <ul class=\"uses\">\n    <li>It\u2019s used for <strong>past<\/strong> events.<\/li>\n    <li>Both the speaker and the listener already know what the object is, so the object is often dropped.<\/li>\n    <li><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec is usually optional and often left out. It\u2019s only required in the negative form.<\/li>\n    <li>To negate it, put <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e0d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e0d<\/span> b\u00f9 before <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec, never before the verb.<\/li>\n    <li>To ask a question, add <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u55ce<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5417<\/span> ma at the end, or replace <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec with <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f\u4e0d\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f\u4e0d\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec b\u00fa sh\u00ec.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3Structure\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">3<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Structure<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <h3>S + <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec + detail + V + <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de (+ O)<\/h3>\n  <p>The object can go before <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de, after it, or be dropped altogether.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"tbl-wrap\"><table class=\"compare-table\">\n    <tbody><tr><th>Subject<\/th><th><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec<\/th><th>Detail<\/th><th>V<\/th><th><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/th><th>(O)<\/th><\/tr>\n    <tr><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u6211<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u6211<\/span> w\u01d2<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u6628\u5929<\/span> zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<small>It was yesterday that I drank the coffee.<\/small><\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u559d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u559d<\/span> h\u0113<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/td><td>(<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5496\u5561<\/span> k\u0101f\u0113i)<\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u6211<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u6211<\/span> w\u01d2<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5728\u90a3\u5bb6\u5496\u5561\u5e97<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5728\u90a3\u5bb6\u5496\u5561\u5e97<\/span> z\u00e0i n\u00e0 ji\u0101 k\u0101f\u0113idi\u00e0n<small>It was at that caf\u00e9 that I drank the coffee.<\/small><\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u559d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u559d<\/span> h\u0113<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/td><td>(<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5496\u5561<\/span> k\u0101f\u0113i)<\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u6211<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u6211<\/span> w\u01d2<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u8d70\u8def\u53bb<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u8d70\u8def\u53bb<\/span> z\u01d2ul\u00f9 q\u00f9<small>I walked there to drink the coffee.<\/small><\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u559d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u559d<\/span> h\u0113<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/td><td>(<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5496\u5561<\/span> k\u0101f\u0113i)<\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u6211<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u6211<\/span> w\u01d2<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u8ddf\u5f1f\u5f1f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u8ddf\u5f1f\u5f1f<\/span> g\u0113n d\u00ecdi<small>It was with my younger brother that I drank the coffee.<\/small><\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u559d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u559d<\/span> h\u0113<\/td><td><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/td><td>(<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5496\u5561<\/span> k\u0101f\u0113i)<\/td><\/tr>\n  <\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"callout point\">\n    <div class=\"callout-label\">\ud83d\udccc Emphasizing the person<\/div>\n    <p>To stress <strong>who<\/strong> did it, put the object first, then <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec + the person.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"cex\">\n      <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559d<\/span><rt>h\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559d<\/span><rt>h\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n      <div class=\"en\">It was me! I drank the coffee.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h3>Explaining a situation<\/h3>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u770b<\/span><rt>k\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90a3<\/span><rt>n\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f1f\u5f1f<\/span><rt>d\u00ecdi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f04\u58de<\/span><rt>n\u00f2nghu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f04\u58de<\/span><rt>n\u00f2nghu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u770b<\/span><rt>k\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90a3<\/span><rt>n\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f1f\u5f1f<\/span><rt>d\u00ecdi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f04\u574f<\/span><rt>n\u00f2nghu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f04\u574f<\/span><rt>n\u00f2nghu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Don\u2019t look at me. It was your brother who broke it, not me.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u684c<\/span><rt>zhu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0a<\/span><rt>sh\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559d<\/span><rt>h\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90a3<\/span><rt>n\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u716e<\/span><rt>zh\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u684c<\/span><rt>zhu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0a<\/span><rt>shang<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5496\u5561<\/span><rt>k\u0101f\u0113i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u559d<\/span><rt>h\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u90a3<\/span><rt>n\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u716e<\/span><rt>zh\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Don\u2019t drink the coffee on the table. It was made yesterday.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"dialogue\">\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-a\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">A<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>w\u00e8ish\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6\u88e1<\/span><rt>ji\u0101l\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6703<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65b0<\/span><rt>x\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">PS5<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>w\u00e8ish\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6\u91cc<\/span><rt>ji\u0101li<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f1a<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65b0<\/span><rt>x\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">PS5<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">Why is there a new PS5 at home?<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-b\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">B<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u670b\u53cb<\/span><rt>p\u00e9ngy\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9001<\/span><rt>s\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8cb7<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u670b\u53cb<\/span><rt>p\u00e9ngyou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9001<\/span><rt>s\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e70<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">A friend gave it to me. I didn\u2019t buy it!<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h3>Correcting information<\/h3>\n\n  <div class=\"dialogue\">\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-a\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">A<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u9ebc<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8me<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u597d<\/span><rt>h\u01ceo<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span><rt>y\u00edd\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e45<\/span><rt>ji\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u4e48<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8me<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u597d<\/span><rt>h\u01ceo<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u5b9a<\/span><rt>y\u00edd\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e45<\/span><rt>ji\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">Your Chinese is so good, you must have been in Taiwan for a long time!<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-b\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">B<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5443<\/span><rt>\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u22ef\u22ef<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5176\u5be6<\/span><rt>q\u00edsh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5169<\/span><rt>li\u01ceng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u524d<\/span><rt>qi\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5443<\/span><rt>\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u22ef\u22ef<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5176\u5b9e<\/span><rt>q\u00edsh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e24<\/span><rt>li\u01ceng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u524d<\/span><rt>qi\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">Uh\u2026 actually, I only arrived two days ago.<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"dialogue\">\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-a\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">A<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8aaa<\/span><rt>shu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6<\/span><rt>ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u82f1\u683c\u862d<\/span><rt>Y\u012bngg\u00e9l\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54ea\u88e1<\/span><rt>n\u01cel\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bf4<\/span><rt>shu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5bb6<\/span><rt>ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u82f1\u683c\u5170<\/span><rt>Y\u012bngg\u00e9l\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54ea\u91cc<\/span><rt>n\u01cel\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">Where in England did you say your home is?<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-b\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">B<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f9e<\/span><rt>c\u00f3ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8607\u683c\u862d<\/span><rt>S\u016bg\u00e9l\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ece<\/span><rt>c\u00f3ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u82cf\u683c\u5170<\/span><rt>S\u016bg\u00e9l\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">I\u2019m from Scotland!<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"dialogue\">\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-a\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">A<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u6b21<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8c\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7537\u670b\u53cb<\/span><rt>n\u00e1np\u00e9ngy\u01d2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u8d77<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u97d3\u570b<\/span><rt>H\u00e1ngu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u73a9<\/span><rt>w\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5e7e<\/span><rt>j\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u6b21<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8c\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8981<\/span><rt>y\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7537\u670b\u53cb<\/span><rt>n\u00e1np\u00e9ngyou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u8d77<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u97e9\u56fd<\/span><rt>H\u00e1ngu\u00f3<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u73a9<\/span><rt>w\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u51e0<\/span><rt>j\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">How many days are you going to Korea with your boyfriend this time?<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"dlg dlg-b\">\n      <span class=\"spk\">B<\/span>\n      <div class=\"dlg-body\">\n        <div class=\"hanzi\"><ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">5<\/span><rt>w\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u904e<\/span><rt>gu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u6b21<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8c\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00<\/span><rt>y\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u500b<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4eba<\/span><rt>r\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">5<\/span><rt>w\u01d4<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5929<\/span><rt>ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8fc7<\/span><rt>gu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u6b21<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8c\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00<\/span><rt>y\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2a<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4eba<\/span><rt>r\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff01<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby><\/div>\n        <div class=\"en\">Five days. But this time I\u2019m going alone!<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h3>Asking for specific information<\/h3>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54ea\u88e1<\/span><rt>n\u01cel\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5b78<\/span><rt>xu\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u54ea\u91cc<\/span><rt>n\u01cel\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5b66<\/span><rt>xu\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Where did you learn Chinese?<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u600e\u9ebc<\/span><rt>z\u011bnme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u77e5\u9053<\/span><rt>zh\u012bd\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">(\u662f)<\/span><rt>(sh\u00ec)<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u600e\u4e48<\/span><rt>z\u011bnme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u77e5\u9053<\/span><rt>zh\u012bd\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">How did you find out?<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u738b<\/span><rt>W\u00e1ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5148\u751f<\/span><rt>xi\u0101nsh\u0113ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8aaa<\/span><rt>shu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u738b<\/span><rt>W\u00e1ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5148\u751f<\/span><rt>xi\u0101nsheng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bf4<\/span><rt>shu\u014d<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">Was it Mr. Wang who told you?<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4Where_to_place_the_object\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">4<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Where to place the object<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <p>Earlier we said the object can go before or after <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de. That\u2019s mostly true, but in some sentences it can cause confusion: the subject might sound like the object!<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8cb7<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8c6c<\/span><rt>zh\u016b<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e70<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u732a<\/span><rt>zh\u016b<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">\u201cIt was yesterday that he bought a pig\u201d \u2026 or \u201cHe is the pig that was bought yesterday.\u201d \ud83e\udd74<\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">The object after <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de makes the sentence ambiguous.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8cb7<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8c6c<\/span><rt>zh\u016b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e70<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u732a<\/span><rt>zh\u016b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">\u201cIt was yesterday that he bought a pig\u201d or \u201cHe\u2019s the one who bought a pig yesterday.\u201d<\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">With the object before <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de, at least he\u2019s no longer the pig.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"callout fyi\">\n    <div class=\"callout-label\">\ud83d\udca1 Don\u2019t worry too much<\/div>\n    <p>Unfortunately, there isn\u2019t much we can do about this. Even native speakers run into it. Just say what you mean and people will understand, even if they tease you a little!<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5%E4%BA%86%E4%BA%86_le_vs_%E6%98%AF%E6%98%AF_shi_%E2%80%A6_%E7%9A%84%E7%9A%84_de\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">5<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e86<\/span> le vs. <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6642\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65f6\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edhou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">When did you come to Taiwan?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">With <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e86<\/span> le at the end, the speaker is a little surprised the person is already in Taiwan. You wouldn\u2019t use it to ask a foreigner who speaks good Chinese, because you didn\u2019t expect them to be here.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6642\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65f6\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edhou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">When did you come to Taiwan?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">With <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e86<\/span> le right after the verb, the speaker knows the person has already been to Taiwan and left.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ex\">\n    <div class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6642\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u7063<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65f6\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edhou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u6e7e<\/span><rt>T\u00e1iw\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff1f<\/span><rt><\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"en\">When did you come to Taiwan?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"note\">With <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de, the speaker is interested in the exact time of arrival. It\u2019s what couples ask each other about their whereabouts, or what police ask suspects. \ud83d\udc40<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6Common_Mistakes\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">6<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Common Mistakes<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <div class=\"mistake-pair\">\n    <div class=\"row wrong\"><span class=\"mark\">\u274c<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"row right\"><span class=\"mark\">\u2705<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"why\">To negate, <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e0d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e0d<\/span> b\u00f9 goes before <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec, not before the detail or the verb.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"mistake-pair\">\n    <div class=\"row wrong\"><span class=\"mark\">\u274c<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u660e\u5929<\/span><rt>m\u00edngti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u660e\u5929<\/span><rt>m\u00edngti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"row right\"><span class=\"mark\">\u2705<\/span><span class=\"hanzi\">\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u660e\u5929<\/span><rt>m\u00edngti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby>\n      <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u660e\u5929<\/span><rt>m\u00edngti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53bb<\/span><rt>q\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby>\n    <\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"why\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de is for events that have <strong>already happened<\/strong>. For future plans, just use a normal sentence.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7Practice\"><\/span><span class=\"num\">7<\/span><span class=\"h2-title\">Practice<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n  <p>Translate each sentence into Chinese, then tap the card to check your answer.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">01<\/span>When did you arrive?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u9ebc<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6642\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edh\u00f2u<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5230<\/span><rt>d\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9nme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65f6\u5019<\/span><rt>sh\u00edhou<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5230<\/span><rt>d\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff1f\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">02<\/span>I came by MRT.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5750<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6377\u904b<\/span><rt>ji\u00e9y\u00f9n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5750<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5730\u94c1<\/span><rt>d\u00ecti\u011b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">03<\/span>Who did you come with?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ab0<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u8d77<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ddf<\/span><rt>g\u0113n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8c01<\/span><rt>sh\u00e9i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u8d77<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff1f\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">04<\/span>This bag was bought in Japan.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u9019<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u500b<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305<\/span><rt>b\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65e5\u672c<\/span><rt>R\u00ecb\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8cb7<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2a<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5305<\/span><rt>b\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u65e5\u672c<\/span><rt>R\u00ecb\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e70<\/span><rt>m\u01cei<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">05<\/span>She didn\u2019t come yesterday. She came the day before.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5979<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u524d\u5929<\/span><rt>qi\u00e1nti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u5979<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6628\u5929<\/span><rt>zu\u00f3ti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\uff0c<\/span><rt><\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u524d\u5929<\/span><rt>qi\u00e1nti\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">06<\/span>Did you make this cake?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u9019<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u500b<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u86cb\u7cd5<\/span><rt>d\u00e0ng\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505a<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u55ce<\/span><rt>ma<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2a<\/span><rt>ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u86cb\u7cd5<\/span><rt>d\u00e0ng\u0101o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505a<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5417<\/span><rt>ma<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff1f\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">07<\/span>How did you get here?<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u600e\u9ebc<\/span><rt>z\u011bnme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f86<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u4f60<\/span><rt>n\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u600e\u4e48<\/span><rt>z\u011bnme<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6765<\/span><rt>l\u00e1i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><\/ruby>\uff1f\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"practice\">\n    <div class=\"prompt\"><span class=\"num\">08<\/span>I learned Chinese in Taipei.<\/div>\n    <div class=\"answer\">\n      <div class=\"reason\" style=\"font-family:'Noto Serif TC',serif;font-size:17px;color:var(--ink) !important;\">\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u5317<\/span><rt>T\u00e1ib\u011bi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5b78<\/span><rt>xu\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><\/ruby>\n        <ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">\u6211<\/span><rt>w\u01d2<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5728<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53f0\u5317<\/span><rt>T\u00e1ib\u011bi<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5b66<\/span><rt>xu\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><\/ruby>\u3002\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"hint\">\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"related-grammar\">\n    <h4>Related Grammar<\/h4>\n    <a class=\"row\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/07\/le-in-chinese-1\/\"><span class=\"arrow\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"title\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e86<\/span>\u2081 le \u2014 completed action<\/span><span class=\"level\">(HSK 1)<\/span><\/a>\n    <a class=\"row\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2022\/08\/10\/le-in-chinese\/\"><span class=\"arrow\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"title\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4e86<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4e86<\/span>\u2082 le \u2014 new situation<\/span><span class=\"level\">(HSK 2)<\/span><\/a>\n    <a class=\"row\" href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/05\/06\/shi-de-structure-2\/\"><span class=\"arrow\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"title\">Strong Affirmation \u2014 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u662f<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u662f<\/span> sh\u00ec \u2026 <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u7684<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7684<\/span> de Structure 2<\/span><span class=\"level\">(HSK 3)<\/span><\/a>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"cta-strip\">\n    <p>Enjoyed this post? Buy me a coffee so I can keep writing more of these \u2615<\/p>\n    <a class=\"btn\" href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Support OneDotDot Chinese<\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<\/main>\n\n<script>\n  document.querySelectorAll('.odc-article .practice').forEach(card=>{\n    card.addEventListener('click', ()=>{\n      card.classList.toggle('revealed');\n      const hint = card.querySelector('.hint');\n      hint.textContent = card.classList.contains('revealed') ? '\ud83d\udc46\u2705 Tap to hide' : '\ud83d\udc46 Tap to reveal';\n    });\n  });\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/a2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-571\" style=\"width:150px;height:43px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-600x171.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>OneDotDot Chinese Grammar \u00b7 HSK 2 Grammar Point \u00b7 HSK 2 \u662f\u662f sh\u00ec \u2026 \u7684\u7684 de Structure 1 \u2014 emphasizing details of the past The \u662f\u662f sh\u00ec \u2026 \u7684\u7684 de structure puts the spotlight on one detail of something that already happened: the time, the place, the way it was done, or who did it&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"0","tag":"0","restrict_content":"0"},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hsk2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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