{"id":13637,"date":"2026-06-03T13:48:04","date_gmt":"2026-06-03T05:48:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?p=13637"},"modified":"2026-08-24T17:50:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T09:50:36","slug":"engineering-vocabulary-in-chinese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2026\/06\/03\/engineering-vocabulary-in-chinese\/","title":{"rendered":"Hardware Engineering Vocabulary in Chinese"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" 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!important;\n    cursor:pointer !important;\n    font-size:15px !important;\n    line-height:1 !important;\n    padding:0 4px !important;\n    opacity:0.5 !important;\n    vertical-align:middle !important;\n    filter:grayscale(1) !important;\n  }\n  .odd-article-embed .speaker-btn:hover{opacity:1 !important;}\n  .odd-article-embed .speaker-btn.small{font-size:12px !important;}\n\n  \/* support box *\/\n  .odd-article-embed .odd-support-box{\n    display:flex !important;\n    align-items:center !important;\n    gap:28px !important;\n    max-width:100% !important;\n    margin:60px auto 30px !important;\n    padding:30px 28px !important;\n    background:#fdf1f0 !important;\n    border-radius:8px !important;\n    text-align:left !important;\n  }\n  .odd-article-embed .odd-support-img{\n    flex:0 0 auto !important;\n  }\n  .odd-article-embed .odd-support-img img{\n    max-width:160px !important;\n    width:100% !important;\n    height:auto !important;\n    display:block !important;\n  }\n 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.odd-article-embed .odd-support-box{\n      display:block !important;\n      text-align:center !important;\n    }\n    .odd-article-embed .odd-support-img{\n      display:none !important;\n    }\n  }\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"page\">\n\n  <div style=\"display:flex; align-items:center; gap:14px; margin-bottom:22px;\">\n    <div class=\"seal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0;\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u96fb<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u7535<\/span><\/div>\n    <p class=\"kicker\" style=\"margin:0;\">OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Vocabulary<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <h1>Hardware Engineering Vocabulary in Chinese<\/h1>\n  <p class=\"subtitle\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u9ad4<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngt\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u4ef6<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/span><rt>zh\u014dngw\u00e9n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><\/p>\n\n  <p class=\"lede\">\n    Twenty terms every hardware engineer working with Taiwanese or Chinese teams should know \u2014 circuit boards, chips, firmware, and the manufacturing floor \u2014 plus the unspoken cultural rules that shape how engineers there actually communicate. Tap the speaker icon to hear anything read aloud.\n  <\/p>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">FAQ<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"faq-card\">\n      <p class=\"faq-q\">Is Hardware Engineering Vocabulary Different Between Taiwan and China?<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0 0 14px;\">Even more so than in software, in some cases. Taiwan built its modern economy around semiconductor manufacturing and PC\/electronics hardware (TSMC, Foxconn, and the wider supply chain), while China&#8217;s hardware scene grew fastest around consumer electronics and Shenzhen&#8217;s manufacturing ecosystem. That different history shows up in the vocabulary: some of the most common hardware words split cleanly along Taiwan\/China lines rather than just differing in script.<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0 0 14px;\">The clearest example is &#8220;chip&#8221; itself \u2014 Taiwan says \u6676\u7247 (j\u012bngpi\u00e0n), China says \u82af\u7247 (x\u012bnpi\u00e0n). &#8220;Firmware&#8221; and &#8220;sensor&#8221; split the same way. If you&#8217;re working with a Taiwanese hardware team and a mainland Chinese supplier on the same project, these are the words most likely to cause a moment of confusion.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">02<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%ABgongchengshi%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88gongchengshi%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\" data-simp=\"\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Engineer<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u5011<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u516c\u53f8<\/span><rt>g\u014dngs\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt>50<span class=\"rb\">\u4f4d<\/span><rt>w\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u4eec<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u516c\u53f8<\/span><rt>g\u014dngs\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6709<\/span><rt>y\u01d2u<\/rt>50<span class=\"rb\">\u4f4d<\/span><rt>w\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u6211\u5011\u516c\u53f8\u670950\u4f4d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\" data-simp=\"\u6211\u4eec\u516c\u53f8\u670950\u4f4d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">Our company has 50 engineers.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">03<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%A1%AC%E9%AB%94yingti%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%ABgongchengshi%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6yingjian%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88gongchengshi%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u9ad4<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngt\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u4ef6<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u786c\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\" data-simp=\"\u786c\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Hardware engineer<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8ca0\u8cac<\/span><rt>f\u00f9z\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8a2d\u8a08<\/span><rt>sh\u00e8j\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u9ad4<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngt\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u662f<\/span><rt>sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8d1f\u8d23<\/span><rt>f\u00f9z\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/span><rt>sh\u00e8j\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u786c\u4ef6<\/span><rt>y\u00ecngji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u00e9ngsh\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u4ed6\u662f\u8ca0\u8cac\u96fb\u8def\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u786c\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\" data-simp=\"\u4ed6\u662f\u8d1f\u8d23\u7535\u8def\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">He is a hardware engineer responsible for circuit design.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <p class=\"note\">Follows the same pattern as \u8edf\u9ad4\/\u8f6f\u4ef6 for &#8220;software&#8221; \u2014 Taiwan says \u786c\u9ad4\/\u786c\u4f53 (y\u00ecngt\u01d0), China says \u786c\u4ef6\/\u786c\u4ef6 (y\u00ecngji\u00e0n). Wherever Taiwan says \u9ad4\/\u4f53 (t\u01d0), China tends to say \u4ef6 (ji\u00e0n).<\/p>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">04<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E6%9D%BFdianluban%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E6%9D%BFdianluban%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u8def\u677f\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u8def\u677f\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Circuit board (PCB)<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u584a<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u51fa\u73fe<\/span><rt>ch\u016bxi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u77ed\u8def<\/span><rt>du\u01cenl\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u554f\u984c<\/span><rt>w\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u5757<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u51fa\u73b0<\/span><rt>ch\u016bxi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u77ed\u8def<\/span><rt>du\u01cenl\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u95ee\u9898<\/span><rt>w\u00e8nt\u00ed<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u584a\u96fb\u8def\u677f\u51fa\u73fe\u77ed\u8def\u7684\u554f\u984c\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u5757\u7535\u8def\u677f\u51fa\u73b0\u77ed\u8def\u7684\u95ee\u9898\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This circuit board has a short-circuit problem.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">05<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E5%9C%96dianlutu%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%9B%BEdianlutu%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def\u5716<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9t\u00fa<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9t\u00fa<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u8def\u5716\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u8def\u56fe\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Circuit diagram \/ schematic<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8acb<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5148<\/span><rt>xi\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u770b<\/span><rt>k\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u4e0b<\/span><rt>y\u00edxi\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def\u5716<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9t\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u518d<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u958b\u59cb<\/span><rt>k\u0101ish\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8bf7<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5148<\/span><rt>xi\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u770b<\/span><rt>k\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u4e0b<\/span><rt>y\u00edxi\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9t\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u518d<\/span><rt>z\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f00\u59cb<\/span><rt>k\u0101ish\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u8acb\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u96fb\u8def\u5716\u518d\u958b\u59cb\u710a\u63a5\" data-simp=\"\u8bf7\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u7535\u8def\u56fe\u518d\u5f00\u59cb\u710a\u63a5\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">Please look at the schematic before starting to solder.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">06<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%99%B6%E7%89%87jingpian%E8%8A%AF%E7%89%87xinpian%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6676\u7247<\/span><rt>j\u012bngpi\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u82af\u7247<\/span><rt>x\u012bnpi\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u6676\u7247\" data-simp=\"\u82af\u7247\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Chip<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u9846<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8k\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6676\u7247<\/span><rt>j\u012bngpi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8017\u96fb\u91cf<\/span><rt>h\u00e0odi\u00e0nli\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f4e<\/span><rt>d\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u9897<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8k\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u82af\u7247<\/span><rt>x\u012bnpi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8017\u7535\u91cf<\/span><rt>h\u00e0odi\u00e0nli\u00e0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88<\/span><rt>h\u011bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f4e<\/span><rt>d\u012b<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u9846\u6676\u7247\u7684\u8017\u96fb\u91cf\u5f88\u4f4e\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u9897\u82af\u7247\u7684\u8017\u7535\u91cf\u5f88\u4f4e\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This chip has very low power consumption.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <p class=\"note\">The single most famous Taiwan-vs-China hardware term. Taiwan, home to TSMC, says \u6676\u7247 (j\u012bngpi\u00e0n). China says \u82af\u7247 (x\u012bnpi\u00e0n) \u2014 you&#8217;ll see this constantly in Chinese tech news given how central \u82af\u7247 self-sufficiency is to Chinese industrial policy.<\/p>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">07<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9F%8C%E9%AB%94renti%E5%9B%BA%E4%BB%B6gujian%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u97cc\u9ad4<\/span><rt>r\u00e8nt\u01d0<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u56fa\u4ef6<\/span><rt>g\u00f9ji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u97cc\u9ad4\" data-simp=\"\u56fa\u4ef6\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Firmware<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u5011<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9700\u8981<\/span><rt>x\u016by\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u66f4\u65b0<\/span><rt>g\u0113ngx\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8a2d\u5099<\/span><rt>sh\u00e8b\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u97cc\u9ad4<\/span><rt>r\u00e8nt\u01d0<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u4eec<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9700\u8981<\/span><rt>x\u016by\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u66f4\u65b0<\/span><rt>g\u0113ngx\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u8bbe\u5907<\/span><rt>sh\u00e8b\u00e8i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u56fa\u4ef6<\/span><rt>g\u00f9ji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u6211\u5011\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u97cc\u9ad4\" data-simp=\"\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u56fa\u4ef6\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">We need to update the device&#8217;s firmware.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <p class=\"note\">Another clean split: Taiwan says \u97cc\u9ad4\/\u97e7\u4f53 (r\u00e8nt\u01d0, &#8220;tough\/resilient body&#8221;), China says \u56fa\u4ef6\/\u56fa\u4ef6 (g\u00f9ji\u00e0n, &#8220;fixed piece&#8221;).<\/p>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">08<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%84%9F%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8ganceqi%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8chuanganqi%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u611f\u6e2c\u5668<\/span><rt>g\u01cenc\u00e8q\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/span><rt>chu\u00e1ng\u01cenq\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\" data-simp=\"\u4f20\u611f\u5668\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Sensor<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u6b3e<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u624b\u9336<\/span><rt>sh\u01d2ubi\u01ceo<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5167\u5efa<\/span><rt>n\u00e8iji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5fc3\u7387<\/span><rt>x\u012bnl\u01dc<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u611f\u6e2c\u5668<\/span><rt>g\u01cenc\u00e8q\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u6b3e<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u624b\u8868<\/span><rt>sh\u01d2ubi\u01ceo<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5185\u5efa<\/span><rt>n\u00e8iji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5fc3\u7387<\/span><rt>x\u012bnl\u01dc<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f20\u611f\u5668<\/span><rt>chu\u00e1ng\u01cenq\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u6b3e\u624b\u9336\u5167\u5efa\u4e86\u5fc3\u7387\u611f\u6e2c\u5668\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u6b3e\u624b\u8868\u5185\u5efa\u4e86\u5fc3\u7387\u4f20\u611f\u5668\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This watch has a built-in heart-rate sensor.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <p class=\"note\">Taiwan: \u611f\u6e2c\u5668\/\u611f\u6d4b\u5668 (g\u01cenc\u00e8q\u00ec, &#8220;sense-measure device&#8221;). China: \u50b3\u611f\u5668\/\u4f20\u611f\u5668 (chu\u00e1ng\u01cenq\u00ec, &#8220;transmit-sense device&#8221;). Same underlying concept, different metaphor for how the word was coined.<\/p>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">09<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90dianyuan%E7%94%B5%E6%BA%90dianyuan%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u6e90\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u6e90\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Power supply<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8acb<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span><rt>qu\u00e8r\u00e8n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7d93<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u597d<\/span><rt>ji\u0113h\u01ceo<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8bf7<\/span><rt>q\u01d0ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u786e\u8ba4<\/span><rt>qu\u00e8r\u00e8n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7ecf<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u597d<\/span><rt>ji\u0113h\u01ceo<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u8acb\u78ba\u8a8d\u96fb\u6e90\u5df2\u7d93\u63a5\u597d\" data-simp=\"\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u7535\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u597d\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">Please make sure the power supply is connected.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">10<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6yuanjian%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6yuanjian%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u5143\u4ef6\" data-simp=\"\u5143\u4ef6\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Component<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u500b<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7d93<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505c\u7522<\/span><rt>t\u00edngch\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7ecf<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505c\u4ea7<\/span><rt>t\u00edngch\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e86<\/span><rt>le<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u500b\u5143\u4ef6\u5df2\u7d93\u505c\u7522\u4e86\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u505c\u4ea7\u4e86\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This component has been discontinued.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">11<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E7%84%8A%E6%8E%A5hanjie%E7%84%8A%E6%8E%A5hanjie%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u710a\u63a5\" data-simp=\"\u710a\u63a5\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Soldering<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6b63\u5728<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7df4\u7fd2<\/span><rt>li\u00e0nx\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6280\u5de7<\/span><rt>j\u00ecqi\u01ceo<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4ed6<\/span><rt>t\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6b63\u5728<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ngz\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7ec3\u4e60<\/span><rt>li\u00e0nx\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u710a\u63a5<\/span><rt>h\u00e0nji\u0113<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6280\u5de7<\/span><rt>j\u00ecqi\u01ceo<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u7df4\u7fd2\u710a\u63a5\u6280\u5de7\" data-simp=\"\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u7ec3\u4e60\u710a\u63a5\u6280\u5de7\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">He is practicing his soldering skills.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">12<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%89%93%E6%A8%A3dayang%E6%89%93%E6%A0%B7dayang%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6253\u6a23<\/span><rt>d\u01cey\u00e0ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6253\u6837<\/span><rt>d\u01cey\u00e0ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u6253\u6a23\" data-simp=\"\u6253\u6837\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Prototype sample run<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u5011<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0b\u9031<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0zh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6703<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u62ff\u5230<\/span><rt>n\u00e1d\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279<\/span><rt>d\u00ecy\u012bp\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6253\u6a23<\/span><rt>d\u01cey\u00e0ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u4eec<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0b\u5468<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0zh\u014du<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f1a<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u62ff\u5230<\/span><rt>n\u00e1d\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279<\/span><rt>d\u00ecy\u012bp\u012b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6253\u6837<\/span><rt>d\u01cey\u00e0ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u6211\u5011\u4e0b\u9031\u6703\u62ff\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6253\u6a23\" data-simp=\"\u6211\u4eec\u4e0b\u5468\u4f1a\u62ff\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u6253\u6837\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">We&#8217;ll get the first batch of prototype samples next week.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">13<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%87%8F%E7%94%A2liangchan%E9%87%8F%E4%BA%A7liangchan%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u91cf\u7522<\/span><rt>li\u00e0ngch\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u91cf\u4ea7<\/span><rt>li\u00e0ngch\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u91cf\u7522\" data-simp=\"\u91cf\u4ea7\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Mass production<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u6b3e<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7522\u54c1<\/span><rt>ch\u01cenp\u01d0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9810\u8a08<\/span><rt>y\u00f9j\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0b\u500b\u6708<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0geyu\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u91cf\u7522<\/span><rt>li\u00e0ngch\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u6b3e<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ku\u01cen<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4ea7\u54c1<\/span><rt>ch\u01cenp\u01d0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u9884\u8ba1<\/span><rt>y\u00f9j\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708<\/span><rt>xi\u00e0geyu\u00e8<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u91cf\u4ea7<\/span><rt>li\u00e0ngch\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u6b3e\u7522\u54c1\u9810\u8a08\u4e0b\u500b\u6708\u91cf\u7522\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u6b3e\u4ea7\u54c1\u9884\u8ba1\u4e0b\u4e2a\u6708\u91cf\u4ea7\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This product is expected to enter mass production next month.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">14<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%89%AF%E7%8E%87lianglu%E8%89%AF%E7%8E%87lianglu%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u826f\u7387\" data-simp=\"\u826f\u7387\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Yield rate<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u689d<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ti\u00e1o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u751f\u7522\u7dda<\/span><rt>sh\u0113ngch\u01cenxi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u76f4<\/span><rt>y\u00eczh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d\u592a<\/span><rt>b\u00fat\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7406\u60f3<\/span><rt>l\u01d0xi\u01ceng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u6761<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ti\u00e1o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf<\/span><rt>sh\u0113ngch\u01cenxi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e00\u76f4<\/span><rt>y\u00eczh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d\u592a<\/span><rt>b\u00fat\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7406\u60f3<\/span><rt>l\u01d0xi\u01ceng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u689d\u751f\u7522\u7dda\u7684\u826f\u7387\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u60f3\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u6761\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\u7684\u826f\u7387\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u60f3\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This production line&#8217;s yield rate has never been ideal.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">15<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E5%8E%9F%E5%9E%8Byuanxing%E5%8E%9F%E5%9E%8Byuanxing%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u539f\u578b<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nx\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u539f\u578b<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nx\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u539f\u578b\" data-simp=\"\u539f\u578b\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Prototype<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u5011<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7d93<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505a\u51fa<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2ch\u016b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3<\/span><rt>d\u00ecy\u012bd\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u539f\u578b<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nx\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6211\u4eec<\/span><rt>w\u01d2men<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5df2\u7ecf<\/span><rt>y\u01d0j\u012bng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u505a\u51fa<\/span><rt>zu\u00f2ch\u016b<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3<\/span><rt>d\u00ecy\u012bd\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u539f\u578b<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nx\u00edng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u6211\u5011\u5df2\u7d93\u505a\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u539f\u578b\" data-simp=\"\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u505a\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u539f\u578b\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">We&#8217;ve already built the first-generation prototype.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">16<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6ceshi%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B7zhiju%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95ceshi%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B7zhiju%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6e2c\u8a66<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cbb\u5177<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecj\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cbb\u5177<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecj\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u6e2c\u8a66\u6cbb\u5177\" data-simp=\"\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6cbb\u5177\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Test fixture \/ jig<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u500b<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6e2c\u8a66<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cbb\u5177<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecj\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span><rt>k\u011by\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u540c\u6642<\/span><rt>t\u00f3ngsh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6e2c\u8a66<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5341\u7247<\/span><rt>sh\u00edpi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6cbb\u5177<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecj\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span><rt>k\u011by\u01d0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u540c\u65f6<\/span><rt>t\u00f3ngsh\u00ed<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span><rt>c\u00e8sh\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5341\u7247<\/span><rt>sh\u00edpi\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u8def\u677f<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nl\u00f9b\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u500b\u6e2c\u8a66\u6cbb\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u6642\u6e2c\u8a66\u5341\u7247\u96fb\u8def\u677f\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6cbb\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5341\u7247\u7535\u8def\u677f\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This test fixture can test ten circuit boards at the same time.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">17<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E4%BE%9B%E6%87%89%E9%8F%88gongyinglian%E4%BE%9B%E5%BA%94%E9%93%BEgongyinglian%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecngli\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecngli\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\" data-simp=\"\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Supply chain<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u75ab\u60c5<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u00edng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u671f\u9593<\/span><rt>q\u012bji\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecngli\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53d7\u5230<\/span><rt>sh\u00f2ud\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88\u5927<\/span><rt>h\u011bnd\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><rt>y\u01d0ngxi\u01ceng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u75ab\u60c5<\/span><rt>y\u00ecq\u00edng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u671f\u95f4<\/span><rt>q\u012bji\u0101n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecngli\u00e0n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53d7\u5230<\/span><rt>sh\u00f2ud\u00e0o<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f88\u5927<\/span><rt>h\u011bnd\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><rt>y\u01d0ngxi\u01ceng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u9593\u4f9b\u61c9\u93c8\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\" data-simp=\"\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u53d7\u5230\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">The supply chain was heavily affected during the pandemic.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">18<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E6%8E%A5%E5%9C%B0jiedi%E6%8E%A5%E5%9C%B0jiedi%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u5730<\/span><rt>ji\u0113d\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u5730<\/span><rt>ji\u0113d\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u63a5\u5730\" data-simp=\"\u63a5\u5730\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Grounding<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8a18\u5f97<\/span><rt>j\u00ecde<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u628a<\/span><rt>b\u01ce<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5916\u6bbc<\/span><rt>w\u00e0ik\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u5730<\/span><rt>ji\u0113d\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8bb0\u5f97<\/span><rt>j\u00ecde<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u628a<\/span><rt>b\u01ce<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5916\u58f3<\/span><rt>w\u00e0ik\u00e9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u63a5\u5730<\/span><rt>ji\u0113d\u00ec<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u8a18\u5f97\u628a\u5916\u6bbc\u63a5\u5730\" data-simp=\"\u8bb0\u5f97\u628a\u5916\u58f3\u63a5\u5730\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">Remember to ground the casing.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">19<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93dianya%E7%94%B5%E5%8E%8Bdianya%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u58d3<\/span><rt>di\u00e0ny\u0101<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u538b<\/span><rt>di\u00e0ny\u0101<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u58d3\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u538b\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Voltage<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u500b<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u61c9<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u58d3<\/span><rt>di\u00e0ny\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7a69\u5b9a<\/span><rt>w\u011bnd\u00ecng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ge<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u6e90<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nyu\u00e1n<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f9b\u5e94<\/span><rt>g\u014dngy\u00ecng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u538b<\/span><rt>di\u00e0ny\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4e0d<\/span><rt>b\u00f9<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7a33\u5b9a<\/span><rt>w\u011bnd\u00ecng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u500b\u96fb\u6e90\u4f9b\u61c9\u7684\u96fb\u58d3\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u6e90\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">The voltage from this power supply is unstable.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">20<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E9%9B%BB%E6%B5%81dianliu%E7%94%B5%E6%B5%81dianliu%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u6d41<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nli\u00fa<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u6d41<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nli\u00fa<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u6d41\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u6d41\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Current<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u96fb\u6d41<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nli\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u592a<\/span><rt>t\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5927<\/span><rt>d\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53ef\u80fd<\/span><rt>k\u011bn\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6703<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u71d2\u58de<\/span><rt>sh\u0101ohu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7535\u6d41<\/span><rt>di\u00e0nli\u00fa<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u592a<\/span><rt>t\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5927<\/span><rt>d\u00e0<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u53ef\u80fd<\/span><rt>k\u011bn\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f1a<\/span><rt>hu\u00ec<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u70e7\u574f<\/span><rt>sh\u0101ohu\u00e0i<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5143\u4ef6<\/span><rt>yu\u00e1nji\u00e0n<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u96fb\u6d41\u592a\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u71d2\u58de\u5143\u4ef6\" data-simp=\"\u7535\u6d41\u592a\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u70e7\u574f\u5143\u4ef6\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">Excessive current may burn out the components.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">21<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2 class=\"h2-word\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E8%A3%BD%E7%A8%8Bzhicheng%E5%88%B6%E7%A8%8Bzhicheng%F0%9F%94%8A\"><\/span><span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u88fd\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5236\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn\" data-trad=\"\u88fd\u7a0b\" data-simp=\"\u5236\u7a0b\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    <p class=\"explain\">Manufacturing process<\/p>\n    <div class=\"phrase\">\n      <span class=\"zh-line\"><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u9019\u5bb6<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u5ee0<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u01ceng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><rt>sh\u01d0y\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6700\u65b0<\/span><rt>zu\u00ecx\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u88fd\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6280\u8853<\/span><rt>j\u00ecsh\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u8fd9\u5bb6<\/span><rt>zh\u00e8ji\u0101<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5de5\u5382<\/span><rt>g\u014dngch\u01ceng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><rt>sh\u01d0y\u00f2ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6700\u65b0<\/span><rt>zu\u00ecx\u012bn<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7684<\/span><rt>de<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u5236\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u6280\u672f<\/span><rt>j\u00ecsh\u00f9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><button class=\"speaker-btn small\" data-trad=\"\u9019\u5bb6\u5de5\u5ee0\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u88fd\u7a0b\u6280\u8853\" data-simp=\"\u8fd9\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5236\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\" type=\"button\">\ud83d\udd0a<\/button><\/span>\n      <p class=\"en-line\">This factory uses the latest manufacturing process technology.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section>\n    <div class=\"sec-eyebrow\"><span class=\"tag\">CULTURE<\/span><span class=\"rule\"><\/span><\/div>\n    <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unspoken_Cultural_Rules\"><\/span>Unspoken Cultural Rules<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n    \n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Taiwan: Hsinchu Science Park Culture<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">The influence of the Hsinchu Science Park (Taiwan&#8217;s Silicon Valley) runs deep. Punching in on time is expected, but clocking out on time is absolutely not. &#8220;Keeping your boss company&#8221; (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u966a\u4e3b\u7ba1<\/span><rt>p\u00e9i zh\u01d4gu\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u966a\u4e3b\u7ba1<\/span><rt>p\u00e9i zh\u01d4gu\u01cen<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) late into the evening is often viewed as a crucial display of team spirit.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Taiwan: Data Over Diplomacy<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">In hardware, numbers like yield rate (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u826f\u7387<\/span><rt>li\u00e1ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) and utilization rate (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7a3c\u52d5\u7387<\/span><rt>ji\u00e0d\u00f2ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u7a3c\u52a8\u7387<\/span><rt>ji\u00e0d\u00f2ngl\u01dc<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) trump everything. Meetings prioritize hard data over personal feelings. Ironically, this makes communication in the hardware sector much more &#8220;direct&#8221; than in the software industry.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Taiwan: Jargon as Identity<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">Engineers constantly pepper their conversations with manufacturing process jargon as a form of identity marking. Whether or not you understand the intricacies of the process (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u88fd\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7d30\u7bc0<\/span><rt>x\u00ecji\u00e9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5236\u7a0b<\/span><rt>zh\u00ecch\u00e9ng<\/rt><span class=\"rb\">\u7ec6\u8282<\/span><rt>x\u00ecji\u00e9<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) dictates your standing and credibility within the circle.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 China: Militarized Management &#038; &#8220;Wolf Culture&#8221;<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">The hardware supply chain\u2014especially around Huawei, BYD, and the Shenzhen area\u2014leans heavily into a militarized management style. The infamous &#8220;wolf culture&#8221; (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u72fc\u6027<\/span><rt>l\u00e1ngx\u00ecng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u72fc\u6027<\/span><rt>l\u00e1ngx\u00ecng<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) isn&#8217;t just a metaphor; it&#8217;s the actual language used in performance reviews.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 China: Extreme Secrecy<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">The culture of secrecy is intense, particularly when it comes to chips and precision manufacturing. Cross-departmental information flow is deliberately restricted. This contrasts sharply with the relatively more open communication found on Taiwanese production lines.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"culture-card\">\n      <p class=\"culture-title\">\ud83d\udca1 China: The Power of Networks<\/p>\n      <p class=\"explain\" style=\"margin:0;\">Relationship networks\u2014especially with suppliers\u2014have a much bigger impact on hardware than software. Because hardware involves physical materials and capacity coordination, success relies heavily on these relationships or <i>guanxi<\/i> (<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u95dc\u4fc2<\/span><rt>gu\u0101nxi<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><ruby><span class=\"rb\">\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><rt>gu\u0101nxi<\/rt><\/ruby><\/span>) rather than purely technical solutions.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div style=\"text-align:center; margin-top: 32px; margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2026\/08\/24\/unspoken-rules-for-engineerings\/\" style=\"color:var(--seal); font-weight:500; font-family:'Noto Sans TC', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none;\">\n        Read more unspoken rules &rarr;\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <section class=\"odd-support-box\">\n    <div class=\"odd-support-img\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\u5de5\u7a0b.png\" alt=\"\u786c\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6587\">\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"odd-support-text\">\n      <h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enjoying_this_site\"><\/span>Enjoying this site?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n      <p>\n        This project is free and made in my spare time. If this helped with your Chinese, a coffee goes a long way toward keeping new lessons coming.\n      <\/p>\n      <p style=\"margin:0 !important;\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/ko-fi.com\/tiffanystalk\" class=\"odd-support-btn\">\n          \u2615 Buy me a coffee\n        <\/a>\n      <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n<\/div>\n<script>\n\n(function(){\n  \/\/ Scoped per embed root, so this never touches speaker buttons or\n  \/\/ lang-zh-TW\/CN elements belonging to any other embed or content on\n  \/\/ the same page.\n  var roots = document.querySelectorAll('.odd-article-embed');\n  roots.forEach(function(root){\n    function isTraditionalActive(near){\n      \/\/ Determine which script is currently visible, per the site's own\n      \/\/ Text Display switch (which hides the inactive .lang-zh-TW \/\n      \/\/ .lang-zh-CN elements). 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'zh-TW' : 'zh-CN';\n      window.speechSynthesis.speak(utter);\n    });\n  });\n})();\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/professional-field\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"86\" src=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-571\" style=\"width:150px;height:43px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963-600x171.png 600w, https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e68f92e59c963.png 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u96fb\u7535 OneDotDot Chinese \u00b7 Vocabulary Hardware Engineering Vocabulary in Chinese \u786c\u9ad4y\u00ecngt\u01d0\u4e2d\u6587zh\u014dngw\u00e9n\u786c\u4ef6y\u00ecngji\u00e0n\u4e2d\u6587zh\u014dngw\u00e9n Twenty terms every hardware engineer working with Taiwanese or Chinese teams should know \u2014 circuit boards, chips, firmware, and the manufacturing floor \u2014 plus the unspoken cultural rules that shape how engineers there actually communicate. Tap the speaker icon to hear anything read aloud&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"-1","landing_page":"0","tag":"0","restrict_content":"0"},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29],"tags":[1296,1295],"class_list":["post-13637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-others","tag-engineering","tag-hardware"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hardware Engineering Vocabulary in Chinese - OneDotDot Chinese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn essential Chinese vocabulary for hardware engineers, including circuit boards, chips, firmware, sensors, and manufacturing terms. 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