{"id":10170,"date":"2023-12-05T21:02:24","date_gmt":"2023-12-05T13:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/?p=10170"},"modified":"2026-09-12T07:33:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-11T23:33:12","slug":"book-1-l7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tiffanysmandarin.com\/index.php\/2023\/12\/05\/book-1-l7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8996\u807d\u83ef\u8a9e Book 1 Lesson 7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:6px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--\n  \u5be6\u7528\u8996\u807d\u83ef\u8a9e (Practical Audio-Visual Chinese) Book 1 \u00b7 Lesson 7\u300c\u4f60\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u5ff5\u5f97\u771f\u597d\u807d\u300dYour French Reading Sounds Great \u2014 Vocabulary Embed\n  \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n  Same technical pattern as the Book 1 Lesson 1\u20136 embeds in this series \u2014\n  see those files' comments for the fuller rationale. Key points repeated\n  here, plus what's different for this file:\n    - No <!DOCTYPE>\/<html>\/<head>\/<body>; site's own Text Display \/ Pinyin\n      Display toggle covers zh-TW\/zh-CN as usual\n    - CSS scoped under .pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed with its own --pv7-* vars \u2014\n      same palette as the rest of the series\n    - Ruby: every example\/dialogue sentence segmented WORD BY WORD\n    - Root lookup by id (#pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed-1), not currentScript\n    - Same self-contained EN \/ \u65e5\u672c\u8a9e \/ \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 translation toggle as the\n      earlier files (TR()\/trSpans()\/pv7-lang-* classes; quiz's\n      QMC()\/QTYPE() + UI_STRINGS + getLang())\n    - COPYRIGHT: no audio, no textbook dialogue text. Section 05 (\"Put It\n      Together\") is an ORIGINAL dialogue I wrote myself \u2014 not the\n      textbook's; note its final line deliberately reuses the lesson\n      title's own sentence pattern (\"\u4f60\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u5ff5\u5f97\u771f\u597d\u807d\") since that's\n      this lesson's core V+\u5f97+complement grammar point, not textbook prose\n    - Lesson title confirmed against the Ministry-of-Education-funded \u65b0\u7248\n      \u5be6\u7528\u8996\u807d\u83ef\u8a9e\u8cc7\u6e90\u5eab site; vocabulary cross-checked against\n      independent flashcard decks (Brainscape) built specifically for this\n      chapter. This lesson's grammar point is the V+\u5f97+complement\n      structure (e.g. \u5ff5\u5f97\u597d\u807d \"reads beautifully\") plus the progressive\n      aspect marker \u5728, so several vocabulary items are function words\n      rather than content words \u2014 that's a genuine feature of this\n      lesson, not an editorial choice\n    - VOCABULARY RANGE (corrected): cross-checked directly against the\n      textbook's own Lesson 7 vocabulary + supplementary vocabulary\n      list (41 entries total, including compound sub-words) rather than\n      third-party decks alone \u2014 several headwords were missing in the\n      previous version (\u5462, \u6559\/\u6559\u66f8, \u73fe\u5728, \u9084, \u8aaa\/\u8aaa\u8a71, \u80fd, \u6703, \u5403, \u98ef,\n      \u505a\u98ef, \u610f\u601d, \u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u5152 as its own headword, \u756b\u756b\u5152 as its own\n      headword) and have been added back in; no textbook example\n      sentences are reproduced \u2014 all examples below are newly written\n    - All example sentences newly written for this embed, deliberately\n      reusing this lesson's and Lessons 1\u20136's vocabulary (plus a small\n      number of unavoidable measure words like \u9996\/\u5f35) so nothing outruns\n      what's been taught yet\n    - Traditional\/simplified pairs checked individually \u2014 real differences\n      in \u807d\/\u542c, \u8a71\/\u8bdd, \u96e3\/\u96be, \u5beb\/\u5199, \u756b\/\u753b, \u5ff5\u66f8\/\u5ff5\u4e66 (\u66f8\/\u4e66), \u597d\u807d\/\u597d\u542c,\n      \u6b4c\u5152\/\u6b4c\u513f (\u5152\/\u513f), \u4e00\u9ede\u5152\/\u4e00\u70b9\u513f (\u9ede\/\u70b9 + \u5152\/\u513f), \u6559\u66f8\/\u6559\u4e66 (\u66f8\/\u4e66),\n      \u73fe\u5728\/\u73b0\u5728, \u9084\/\u8fd8, \u8aaa\/\u8bf4, \u8aaa\u8a71\/\u8bf4\u8bdd, \u6703\/\u4f1a, \u98ef\/\u996d, \u505a\u98ef\/\u505a\u996d,\n      \u5abd\u5abd\/\u5988\u5988, \u59ca\u59ca\/\u59d0\u59d0, \u9019\/\u8fd9, \u9019\u500b\/\u8fd9\u4e2a, \u5b78\/\u5b66, \u89ba\u5f97\/\u89c9\u5f97, \u5011\/\u4eec,\n      \u8001\u5e2b\/\u8001\u5e08, \u756b\u756b\u5152\/\u753b\u753b\u513f \u2014 all handled via WD(); \u5ff5, \u5f97, \u5728, \u5462,\n      \u80fd, \u6559, \u610f\u601d, \u6162, \u5feb, \u6709\u610f\u601d, \u53ef\u4ee5, \u5531, \u559d, \u9152, \u83dc, \u5b57, \u505a, \u4e8b,\n      \u505a\u4e8b, \u5403 are identical across scripts and use W()\n    - Japanese\/Korean glosses are natural translations of the meaning\n    - No literal `&&` inside the <script> tag (WordPress content filter risk)\n    - Top-of-page support note, same as the rest of the series\n-->\n<div class=\"pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed\" id=\"pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed-1\">\n<style>\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed {\n  --pv7-oxblood: #7b2d26;\n  --pv7-oxblood-dark: #5e211c;\n  --pv7-mustard: #c9922b;\n  --pv7-sage: #7c8b6f;\n  --pv7-bone: #f7f1e6;\n  --pv7-ink: #2c2620;\n  --pv7-line: #e4d9c4;\n  font-family: 'Work Sans', -apple-system, sans-serif;\n  color: var(--pv7-ink);\n  background: #fff;\n  max-width: 760px;\n  margin: 0 auto;\n  padding: 8px 4px 24px;\n  line-height: 1.6;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed * { box-sizing: border-box; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed h1,\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed h2,\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed h3 {\n  font-family: 'Bitter', Georgia, serif;\n  color: var(--pv7-oxblood-dark);\n  margin: 0 0 8px;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-support-note {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n  color: var(--pv7-sage);\n  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pv7-line);\n  padding-bottom: 12px;\n  margin: 0 0 16px;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lede {\n  margin: 0 0 16px;\n  padding: 14px 16px;\n  background: var(--pv7-bone);\n  border-left: 4px solid var(--pv7-mustard);\n  border-radius: 4px;\n  font-size: 0.98rem;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lede b { color: var(--pv7-oxblood-dark); }\n\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lang-toggle {\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  gap: 8px;\n  margin: 0 0 24px;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lang-label {\n  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;\n  font-size: 0.75rem;\n  color: var(--pv7-sage);\n  letter-spacing: 0.06em;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lang-btn {\n  font-family: 'Work Sans', sans-serif;\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n  border: 1px solid var(--pv7-oxblood);\n  color: var(--pv7-oxblood);\n  background: #fff;\n  padding: 5px 14px;\n  border-radius: 20px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lang-btn:hover { background: var(--pv7-bone); }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-lang-btn.pv7-lang-active { background: var(--pv7-oxblood); color: #fff; }\n\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-tr { display: none; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed.pv7-lang-en .pv7-tr-en { display: inline; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed.pv7-lang-ja .pv7-tr-ja { display: inline; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed.pv7-lang-ko .pv7-tr-ko { display: inline; 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}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed rt.mouseover { opacity: 0; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed rt.mouseover:hover { opacity: 1; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-meaning { font-style: italic; color: #6b5f52; font-size: 0.92rem; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-speaker {\n  display: inline-flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: center;\n  flex: 0 0 26px;\n  width: 26px;\n  height: 26px;\n  padding: 0;\n  border: none;\n  background: var(--pv7-bone);\n  color: var(--pv7-oxblood);\n  border-radius: 50%;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  margin-left: auto;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-speaker:hover { background: var(--pv7-mustard); color: #fff; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-example {\n  margin-top: 8px;\n  padding-top: 8px;\n  border-top: 1px dashed var(--pv7-line);\n  font-size: 0.95rem;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-example .pv7-sent-word { display: inline-flex; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-example .pv7-punct { margin-right: 2px; }\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-example .pv7-en {\n  display: block;\n  color: #6b5f52;\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n  margin-top: 4px;\n}\n.pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed .pv7-dialogue-note { font-size: 0.85rem; 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margin-bottom: 8px; font-family: 'Bitter', serif; }\n<\/style>\n\n<p class=\"pv7-support-note\"><em>A note before you start: I&#8217;d love for you to support the official textbook \u2014 this page is only meant as a review tool for people who already own a copy, not a replacement for it.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"pv7-lede\">\n<b><span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u5be6\u7528\u8996\u807d\u83ef\u8a9e<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u5b9e\u7528\u89c6\u542c\u534e\u8bed<\/span> Book 1 \u00b7 Lesson 7\u300c<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u4f60\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u5ff5\u5f97\u771f\u597d\u807d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u4f60\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u5ff5\u5f97\u771f\u597d\u542c<\/span>\u300dYour French Reading Sounds Great<\/b> \u2014 this lesson&#8217;s vocabulary with pinyin, meaning, and an example sentence for every word, segmented word by word so you can see how each piece works on its own.\n<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-lang-toggle\">\n  <span class=\"pv7-lang-label\">TRANSLATION<\/span>\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-lang-btn pv7-lang-active\" data-lang=\"en\">EN<\/button>\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-lang-btn\" data-lang=\"ja\">\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e<\/button>\n  <button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-lang-btn\" data-lang=\"ko\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">01 \u2014 SPEECH &amp; LANGUAGE<\/div>\n<div id=\"pv7-word-list-1\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">02 \u2014 GRAMMAR &amp; FUNCTION WORDS<\/div>\n<div id=\"pv7-word-list-2\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">03 \u2014 EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES<\/div>\n<div id=\"pv7-word-list-3\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">04 \u2014 PUT IT TOGETHER<\/div>\n<p class=\"pv7-dialogue-note\"><em>Note: this dialogue is not from the textbook \u2014 it&#8217;s a short conversation I made up using this lesson&#8217;s vocabulary (plus a bit of Lessons 1\u20136&#8217;s, for review) so you can see the words used together. For the actual Lesson 7 dialogue, I&#8217;d recommend picking up a copy of the textbook itself.<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"pv7-dialogue\" id=\"pv7-dialogue\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">05 \u2014 FLASHCARDS<\/div>\n<p class=\"pv7-fc-hint\">Tap the card to flip it, then use the arrows to move through the deck.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pv7-flashcard-wrap\">\n  <div class=\"pv7-flashcard\" id=\"pv7-flashcard\">\n    <div class=\"pv7-fc-face pv7-fc-front\" id=\"pv7-fc-front\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"pv7-fc-face pv7-fc-back\" id=\"pv7-fc-back\"><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pv7-flashcard-controls\">\n  <button class=\"pv7-game-btn\" id=\"pv7-fc-prev\">\u2039 Prev<\/button>\n  <span class=\"pv7-game-status\" id=\"pv7-fc-progress\">1 \/ 24<\/span>\n  <button class=\"pv7-game-btn\" id=\"pv7-fc-next\">Next \u203a<\/button>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">06 \u2014 MATCH IT<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size:0.9rem;color:#6b5f52;margin:0 0 10px;\">Tap a Chinese word, then tap the meaning that matches it (in whichever translation language is selected above). Get all 8 pairs to finish the round.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pv7-game-bar\">\n  <button class=\"pv7-game-btn\" id=\"pv7-game-new\">New Round<\/button>\n  <span class=\"pv7-game-status\" id=\"pv7-game-status\">0 \/ 8 matched<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pv7-game-board\">\n  <div class=\"pv7-game-col\" id=\"pv7-game-col-zh\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pv7-game-col\" id=\"pv7-game-col-en\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pv7-game-win\" id=\"pv7-game-win\">\ud83c\udf89 All matched! Nice work.<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"pv7-sec-eyebrow\">07 \u2014 VOCABULARY QUIZ<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size:0.9rem;color:#6b5f52;margin:0 0 10px;\">16 questions covering this lesson&#8217;s vocabulary \u2014 a mix of multiple choice and type-the-pinyin. Questions pick up whichever translation language is selected above; switching mid-question applies from the next question onward.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pv7-quiz\" id=\"pv7-quiz\"><\/div>\n\n<script>\n(function () {\n  var root = document.getElementById('pavc-b1l7-vocab-embed-1');\n  if (!root) return;\n\n  var SPEAKER_SVG = '<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\">' +\n    '<path d=\"M7 4.5v15l13-7.5z\"><\/path>' +\n    '<\/svg>';\n\n  function W(t, s, p) { return { t: t, s: s, pt: p, ps: p }; }\n  function WD(t, s, pt, ps) { return { t: t, s: s, pt: pt, ps: ps }; }\n  function TR(en, ja, ko) { return { en: en, ja: ja, ko: ko }; }\n\n  var GROUPS = {\n    'pv7-word-list-1': [\n      { t: '\u5ff5', s: '\u5ff5', p: 'ni\u00e0n', meaning: TR('to read aloud; to study', '\u6717\u8aad\u3059\u308b;\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b', '\ub0ad\ub3c5\ud558\ub2e4; \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u5ff5','\u5ff5','ni\u00e0n'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('What are you reading\/studying?', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u5ff5\u66f8', s: '\u5ff5\u4e66', p: 'ni\u00e0nsh\u016b', meaning: TR('to study; to read books', '\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b;\u8aad\u66f8\u3059\u308b', '\uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4; \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u5bb6','\u5bb6','ji\u0101'), WD('\u5ff5\u66f8','\u5ff5\u4e66','ni\u00e0nsh\u016b','ni\u00e0nsh\u016b'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR(\"I'm studying at home.\", '\u79c1\u306f\u5bb6\u3067\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc9d1\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u597d\u807d', s: '\u597d\u542c', p: 'h\u01ceot\u012bng', meaning: TR('melodious; nice to listen to', '\u805e\u304d\u5fc3\u5730\u304c\u3044\u3044;\u7f8e\u3057\u3044', '\ub4e3\uae30 \uc88b\ub2e4; \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u7684','\u7684','de'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), W('\u5ff5','\u5ff5','ni\u00e0n'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u771f','\u771f','zh\u0113n'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('Your French reading sounds really nice.', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306e\u6717\u8aad\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u7f8e\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4 \ub0ad\ub3c5\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub4e3\uae30 \uc88b\uc544\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u807d', s: '\u542c', p: 't\u012bng', meaning: TR('to listen', '\u805e\u304f', '\ub4e3\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), WD('\u559c\u6b61','\u559c\u6b22','x\u01d0huan','x\u01d0huan'), WD('\u807d','\u542c','t\u012bng','t\u012bng'), W('\u6b4c\u5152','\u6b4c\u513f','g\u0113r'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('I like listening to songs.', '\u79c1\u306f\u6b4c\u3092\u805e\u304f\u306e\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \ub178\ub798 \ub4e3\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u8a71', s: '\u8bdd', p: 'hu\u00e0', meaning: TR('words; spoken language', '\u8a00\u8449;\u8a71\u3057\u8a00\u8449', '\ub9d0; \uc5b8\uc5b4'),\n        ex: [WD('\u9019\u4e9b','\u8fd9\u4e9b','Zh\u00e8xi\u0113','zh\u00e8xi\u0113'), WD('\u8a71','\u8bdd','hu\u00e0','hu\u00e0'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n','n\u00e1n'), W('\u61c2','\u61c2','d\u01d2ng'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('These words are hard to understand.', '\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u306f\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \ub9d0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u8aaa', s: '\u8bf4', p: 'shu\u014d', meaning: TR('to speak; to say', '\u8a71\u3059;\u8a00\u3046', '\ub9d0\ud558\ub2e4; \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), WD('\u8aaa','\u8bf4','shu\u014d','shu\u014d'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), WD('\u8aaa','\u8bf4','shu\u014d','shu\u014d'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u597d','\u597d','h\u01ceo'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('He speaks French well.', '\u5f7c\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3092\u4e0a\u624b\u306b\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc798\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u8aaa\u8a71', s: '\u8bf4\u8bdd', p: 'shu\u014dhu\u00e0', meaning: TR('to speak; to talk (words)', '\u8a71\u3059;\u3057\u3083\u3079\u308b', '\ub9d0\ud558\ub2e4; \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u5f1f\u5f1f','\u5f1f\u5f1f','D\u00ecdi'), WD('\u559c\u6b61','\u559c\u6b22','x\u01d0huan','x\u01d0huan'), WD('\u8aaa\u8a71','\u8bf4\u8bdd','shu\u014dhu\u00e0','shu\u014dhu\u00e0'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My younger brother likes to talk.', '\u5f1f\u306f\u8a71\u3059\u306e\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\ub0a8\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc740 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc88b\uc544\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u6559', s: '\u6559', p: 'ji\u0101o', meaning: TR('to teach', '\u6559\u3048\u308b', '\uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [WD('\u8001\u5e2b','\u8001\u5e08','L\u01ceosh\u012b','L\u01ceosh\u012b'), W('\u6559','\u6559','ji\u0101o'), WD('\u6211\u5011','\u6211\u4eec','w\u01d2men','w\u01d2men'), W('\u4e2d\u6587','\u4e2d\u6587','Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('The teacher teaches us Chinese.', '\u5148\u751f\u306f\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306b\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u3092\u6559\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \uac00\ub974\uccd0\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u6559\u66f8', s: '\u6559\u4e66', p: 'ji\u0101osh\u016b', meaning: TR('to teach (lit. teach book)', '\u6559\u3048\u308b(\u76f4\u8a33:\u672c\u3092\u6559\u3048\u308b)', '\uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4(\uc9c1\uc5ed: \ucc45\uc744 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4)'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), WD('\u59ca\u59ca','\u59d0\u59d0','ji\u011bjie','ji\u011bjie'), WD('\u6559\u66f8','\u6559\u4e66','ji\u0101osh\u016b','ji\u0101osh\u016b'), W('\u6559','\u6559','ji\u0101o'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u597d','\u597d','h\u01ceo'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My older sister teaches very well.', '\u59c9\u306f\u6559\u3048\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u4e0a\u624b\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc5b8\ub2c8(\ub204\ub098)\ub294 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc798\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5531', s: '\u5531', p: 'ch\u00e0ng', meaning: TR('to sing', '\u6b4c\u3046', '\ub178\ub798\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u5979','\u5979','T\u0101'), W('\u5531','\u5531','ch\u00e0ng'), W('\u6b4c\u5152','\u6b4c\u513f','g\u0113r'), W('\u5531','\u5531','ch\u00e0ng'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('She sings very melodiously.', '\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u6b4c\u3092\u6b4c\u3046\u306e\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u4e0a\u624b\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub140\ub294 \ub178\ub798\ub97c \uc815\ub9d0 \uc798 \ubd88\ub7ec\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u6b4c\u5152', s: '\u6b4c\u513f', p: 'g\u0113r', meaning: TR('song', '\u6b4c', '\ub178\ub798'),\n        ex: [W('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8'), W('\u9996','\u9996','sh\u01d2u'), WD('\u6b4c\u5152','\u6b4c\u513f','g\u0113r','g\u0113r'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This song is very nice.', '\u3053\u306e\u6b4c\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u7d20\u6575\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \ub178\ub798\ub294 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc88b\uc544\uc694.') }\n    ],\n    'pv7-word-list-2': [\n      { t: '\u5f97', s: '\u5f97', p: 'de', meaning: TR('complement particle (manner\/degree)', '\u69d8\u614b\u30fb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3092\u8868\u3059\u88dc\u8a9e\u306e\u52a9\u8a5e', '\uc591\ud0dc\u00b7\uc815\ub3c4\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ubcf4\uc5b4 \uc870\uc0ac'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), WD('\u5beb','\u5199','xi\u011b','xi\u011b'), W('\u5b57','\u5b57','z\u00ec'), WD('\u5beb','\u5199','xi\u011b','xi\u011b'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u5feb','\u5feb','ku\u00e0i'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('He writes characters very quickly.', '\u5f7c\u306f\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u304f\u306e\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u901f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \uae00\uc528\ub97c \uc815\ub9d0 \ube68\ub9ac \uc368\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5728', s: '\u5728', p: 'z\u00e0i', meaning: TR('progressive aspect marker (to be doing)', '\u9032\u884c\u3092\u8868\u3059\u30de\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc(\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b)', '\uc9c4\ud589\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ud45c\uc9c0(~\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4)'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u770b','\u770b','k\u00e0n'), WD('\u96fb\u5f71','\u7535\u5f71','di\u00e0ny\u01d0ng','di\u00e0ny\u01d0ng'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('I am watching a movie.', '\u79c1\u306f\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc601\ud654\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5462', s: '\u5462', p: 'ne', meaning: TR('particle marking a continuing situation', '\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u3092\u8868\u3059\u52a9\u8a5e', '\uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc870\uc0ac'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), WD('\u5ff5\u66f8','\u5ff5\u4e66','ni\u00e0nsh\u016b','ni\u00e0nsh\u016b'), W('\u5462','\u5462','ne'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR(\"I'm studying (right now).\", '\u79c1\u306f\u52c9\u5f37\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u9084', s: '\u8fd8', p: 'h\u00e1i', meaning: TR('still; also; yet', '\u307e\u3060;\u305d\u308c\u306b', '\uc544\uc9c1; \ub610\ud55c'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), WD('\u9084','\u8fd8','h\u00e1i','h\u00e1i'), W('\u60f3','\u60f3','xi\u01ceng'), WD('\u5b78','\u5b66','xu\u00e9','xu\u00e9'), WD('\u4e00\u9ede\u5152','\u4e00\u70b9\u513f','y\u00ecdi\u01cenr','y\u00ecdi\u01cenr'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('I still want to learn a little French.', '\u79c1\u306f\u307e\u3060\u5c11\u3057\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3092\u7fd2\u3044\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc544\uc9c1 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \uc880 \ubc30\uc6b0\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u80fd', s: '\u80fd', p: 'n\u00e9ng', meaning: TR('can (to be able to)', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b(\u80fd\u529b)', '~\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(\ub2a5\ub825)'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u80fd','\u80fd','n\u00e9ng'), W('\u4e0d','\u4e0d','b\u00f9'), W('\u80fd','\u80fd','n\u00e9ng'), W('\u6559','\u6559','ji\u0101o'), W('\u6211','\u6211','w\u01d2'), W('\u5531','\u5531','ch\u00e0ng'), WD('\u6b4c\u5152','\u6b4c\u513f','g\u0113r','g\u0113r'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('Can you teach me to sing?', '\u79c1\u306b\u6b4c\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3089\u3048\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\uc800\uc5d0\uac8c \ub178\ub798\ub97c \uac00\ub974\uccd0 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u6703', s: '\u4f1a', p: 'hu\u00ec', meaning: TR('can; to know how to', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b(\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u6280\u80fd)', '~\ud560 \uc904 \uc54c\ub2e4(\uc2b5\ub4dd\ud55c \uae30\uc220)'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u59b9\u59b9','\u59b9\u59b9','m\u00e8imei'), WD('\u6703','\u4f1a','hu\u00ec','hu\u00ec'), WD('\u8aaa','\u8bf4','shu\u014d','shu\u014d'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My younger sister can speak French.', '\u59b9\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u304c\u8a71\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc5ec\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc740 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub97c \ud560 \uc904 \uc54c\uc544\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u53ef\u4ee5', s: '\u53ef\u4ee5', p: 'k\u011by\u01d0', meaning: TR('can; may', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b;\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044', '~\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4; ~\ud574\ub3c4 \ub418\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u53ef\u4ee5','\u53ef\u4ee5','k\u011by\u01d0'), W('\u770b','\u770b','k\u00e0n'), WD('\u96fb\u8996','\u7535\u89c6','di\u00e0nsh\u00ec','di\u00e0nsh\u00ec'), W('\u55ce','\u5417','ma'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('May I watch TV?', '\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ud154\ub808\ube44\uc804\uc744 \ubd10\ub3c4 \ub3fc\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u6162', s: '\u6162', p: 'm\u00e0n', meaning: TR('slow; slowly', '\u9045\u3044;\u3086\u3063\u304f\u308a', '\ub290\ub9ac\ub2e4; \ucc9c\ucc9c\ud788'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u5ff5','\u5ff5','ni\u00e0n'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u592a','\u592a','t\u00e0i'), W('\u6162','\u6162','m\u00e0n'), W('\u4e86','\u4e86','le'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('You read too slowly.', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u8aad\u3080\u306e\u304c\u9045\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ub108\ubb34 \ucc9c\ucc9c\ud788 \uc77d\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5feb', s: '\u5feb', p: 'ku\u00e0i', meaning: TR('fast; quickly', '\u901f\u3044', '\ube60\ub974\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), WD('\u5beb','\u5199','xi\u011b','xi\u011b'), W('\u5b57','\u5b57','z\u00ec'), WD('\u5beb','\u5199','xi\u011b','xi\u011b'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u5feb','\u5feb','ku\u00e0i'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('He writes characters very quickly.', '\u5f7c\u306f\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u304f\u306e\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u901f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \uae00\uc528\ub97c \uc815\ub9d0 \ube68\ub9ac \uc368\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u96e3', s: '\u96be', p: 'n\u00e1n', meaning: TR('difficult', '\u96e3\u3057\u3044', '\uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4e2d\u6587','\u4e2d\u6587','Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n','n\u00e1n'), W('\u55ce','\u5417','ma'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('Is Chinese very difficult?', '\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u6709\u610f\u601d', s: '\u6709\u610f\u601d', p: 'y\u01d2uy\u00ecsi', meaning: TR('interesting', '\u9762\u767d\u3044', '\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8'), W('\u672c','\u672c','b\u011bn'), WD('\u66f8','\u4e66','sh\u016b','sh\u016b'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u6709\u610f\u601d','\u6709\u610f\u601d','y\u01d2uy\u00ecsi'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This book is very interesting.', '\u3053\u306e\u672c\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u9762\u767d\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \ucc45\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u610f\u601d', s: '\u610f\u601d', p: 'y\u00ecsi', meaning: TR('meaning; idea', '\u610f\u5473', '\uc758\ubbf8; \ub73b'),\n        ex: [WD('\u9019\u500b','\u8fd9\u4e2a','Zh\u00e8ge','zh\u00e8ge'), W('\u5b57','\u5b57','z\u00ec'), W('\u7684','\u7684','de'), W('\u610f\u601d','\u610f\u601d','y\u00ecsi'), W('\u662f','\u662f','sh\u00ec'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('What does this character mean?', '\u3053\u306e\u5b57\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\uc774 \uae00\uc790\uc758 \ub73b\uc740 \ubb50\uc608\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u5152', s: '\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u513f', p: 'y\u01d2uy\u00ecdi\u01cenr', meaning: TR('to be slightly; a little bit', '\u5c11\u3057;\u3061\u3087\u3063\u3068', '\uc870\uae08; \uc57d\uac04'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), WD('\u89ba\u5f97','\u89c9\u5f97','ju\u00e9de','ju\u00e9de'), W('\u4e2d\u6587','\u4e2d\u6587','Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n'), WD('\u6709\u4e00\u9ede\u5152','\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u513f','y\u01d2uy\u00ecdi\u01cenr','y\u01d2uy\u00ecdi\u01cenr'), WD('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n','n\u00e1n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('I think Chinese is a little difficult.', '\u79c1\u306f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u304c\u5c11\u3057\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\uac00 \uc870\uae08 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u4e00\u9ede\u5152', s: '\u4e00\u70b9\u513f', p: 'y\u00ecdi\u01cenr', meaning: TR('a little', '\u5c11\u3057', '\uc870\uae08'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u53ea','\u53ea','zh\u01d0'), W('\u61c2','\u61c2','d\u01d2ng'), WD('\u4e00\u9ede\u5152','\u4e00\u70b9\u513f','y\u00ecdi\u01cenr','y\u00ecdi\u01cenr'), W('\u65e5\u6587','\u65e5\u6587','R\u00ecw\u00e9n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('I only understand a little Japanese.', '\u79c1\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u304c\u5c11\u3057\u3060\u3051\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc800\ub294 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5b4\ub97c \uc870\uae08\ub9cc \uc54c\uc544\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u73fe\u5728', s: '\u73b0\u5728', p: 'xi\u00e0nz\u00e0i', meaning: TR('now; right now', '\u4eca;\u73fe\u5728', '\uc9c0\uae08; \ud604\uc7ac'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), WD('\u73fe\u5728','\u73b0\u5728','xi\u00e0nz\u00e0i','xi\u00e0nz\u00e0i'), W('\u505a','\u505a','zu\u00f2'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('What are you doing right now?', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4eca\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \uc9c0\uae08 \ubb50 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') }\n    ],\n    'pv7-word-list-3': [\n      { t: '\u5403', s: '\u5403', p: 'ch\u012b', meaning: TR('to eat', '\u98df\u3079\u308b', '\uba39\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u59b9\u59b9','\u59b9\u59b9','M\u00e8imei'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), WD('\u5403\u98ef','\u5403\u996d','ch\u012bf\u00e0n','ch\u012bf\u00e0n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My younger sister is eating.', '\u59b9\u306f\u3054\u98ef\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc5ec\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc740 \ubc25\uc744 \uba39\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u98ef', s: '\u996d', p: 'f\u00e0n', meaning: TR('food; a meal; cooked rice', '\u3054\u98ef;\u98df\u4e8b', '\ubc25; \uc2dd\uc0ac'),\n        ex: [WD('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8','zh\u00e8'), W('\u662f','\u662f','sh\u00ec'), W('\u6211','\u6211','w\u01d2'), W('\u7684','\u7684','de'), WD('\u98ef','\u996d','f\u00e0n','f\u00e0n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This is my meal.', '\u3053\u308c\u306f\u79c1\u306e\u3054\u98ef\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774\uac74 \uc81c \ubc25\uc774\uc5d0\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u559d', s: '\u559d', p: 'h\u0113', meaning: TR('to drink', '\u98f2\u3080', '\ub9c8\uc2dc\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u8981','\u8981','y\u00e0o'), W('\u559d','\u559d','h\u0113'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('What do you want to drink?', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ub9c8\uc2dc\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u9152', s: '\u9152', p: 'ji\u01d4', meaning: TR('wine; liquor', '\u304a\u9152', '\uc220'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), W('\u4e0d','\u4e0d','b\u00f9'), W('\u559d','\u559d','h\u0113'), W('\u9152','\u9152','ji\u01d4'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR(\"He doesn't drink alcohol.\", '\u5f7c\u306f\u304a\u9152\u3092\u98f2\u307f\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \uc220\uc744 \ub9c8\uc2dc\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u83dc', s: '\u83dc', p: 'c\u00e0i', meaning: TR('food; dish; cuisine', '\u6599\u7406', '\uc694\ub9ac; \uc74c\uc2dd'),\n        ex: [W('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8'), W('\u500b','\u4e2a','ge'), W('\u83dc','\u83dc','c\u00e0i'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u8cb4','\u8d35','gu\u00ec','gu\u00ec'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This dish is very expensive.', '\u3053\u306e\u6599\u7406\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \uc694\ub9ac\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ube44\uc2f8\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u505a\u98ef', s: '\u505a\u996d', p: 'zu\u00f2f\u00e0n', meaning: TR('to cook (lit. make food)', '\u6599\u7406\u3092\u4f5c\u308b', '\uc694\ub9ac\ub97c \ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), WD('\u5abd\u5abd','\u5988\u5988','m\u0101ma','m\u0101ma'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u6703','\u4f1a','hu\u00ec','hu\u00ec'), WD('\u505a\u98ef','\u505a\u996d','zu\u00f2f\u00e0n','zu\u00f2f\u00e0n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My mom cooks very well.', '\u6bcd\u306f\u6599\u7406\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u4e0a\u624b\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc5c4\ub9c8\ub294 \uc694\ub9ac\ub97c \uc815\ub9d0 \uc798\ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5beb\u5b57', s: '\u5199\u5b57', p: 'xi\u011bz\u00ec', meaning: TR('to write characters (lit. write word)', '\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u304f', '\uae00\uc790\ub97c \uc4f0\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u59b9\u59b9','\u59b9\u59b9','M\u00e8imei'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), WD('\u5beb\u5b57','\u5199\u5b57','xi\u011bz\u00ec','xi\u011bz\u00ec'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('My younger sister is writing characters.', '\u59b9\u306f\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc5ec\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc740 \uae00\uc790\ub97c \uc4f0\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5beb', s: '\u5199', p: 'xi\u011b', meaning: TR('to write', '\u66f8\u304f', '\uc4f0\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), WD('\u5beb','\u5199','xi\u011b','xi\u011b'), W('\u4e2d\u6587','\u4e2d\u6587','Zh\u014dngw\u00e9n'), W('\u5b57','\u5b57','z\u00ec'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('He writes Chinese characters.', '\u5f7c\u306f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u306e\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4 \uae00\uc790\ub97c \uc368\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u5b57', s: '\u5b57', p: 'z\u00ec', meaning: TR('character', '\u5b57', '\uae00\uc790'),\n        ex: [W('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8'), W('\u500b','\u4e2a','ge'), W('\u5b57','\u5b57','z\u00ec'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n','n\u00e1n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This character is very difficult.', '\u3053\u306e\u5b57\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \uae00\uc790\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6cc\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u505a\u4e8b', s: '\u505a\u4e8b', p: 'zu\u00f2sh\u00ec', meaning: TR('to work; to handle matters (lit. do things)', '\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u3059\u308b;\u7269\u4e8b\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b', '\uc77c\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4; \uc6a9\ubb34\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4ed6','\u4ed6','T\u0101'), W('\u505a\u4e8b','\u505a\u4e8b','zu\u00f2sh\u00ec'), W('\u505a','\u505a','zu\u00f2'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u5feb','\u5feb','ku\u00e0i'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('He works very quickly.', '\u5f7c\u306f\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u901f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub294 \uc77c\uc744 \uc815\ub9d0 \ube68\ub9ac \ud574\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u505a', s: '\u505a', p: 'zu\u00f2', meaning: TR('to do; to make', '\u3059\u308b;\u4f5c\u308b', '\ud558\ub2e4; \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u505a','\u505a','zu\u00f2'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('What are you doing?', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u4e8b', s: '\u4e8b', p: 'sh\u00ec', meaning: TR('matter; thing; work', '\u4e8b\u67c4;\u7528\u4e8b', '\uc77c; \uc6a9\ubb34'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u6709','\u6709','y\u01d2u'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), W('\u4e8b','\u4e8b','sh\u00ec'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR(\"What's the matter?\", '\u4f55\u304b\u3054\u7528\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ubb34\uc2a8 \uc77c\uc774\uc138\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u756b\u756b\u5152', s: '\u753b\u753b\u513f', p: 'hu\u00e0hu\u00e0r', meaning: TR('to paint; to draw (lit. paint pictures)', '\u7d75\u3092\u63cf\u304f', '\uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), WD('\u6703','\u4f1a','hu\u00ec','hu\u00ec'), W('\u4e0d','\u4e0d','b\u00f9'), WD('\u6703','\u4f1a','hu\u00ec','hu\u00ec'), WD('\u756b\u756b\u5152','\u753b\u753b\u513f','hu\u00e0hu\u00e0r','hu\u00e0hu\u00e0r'), '\uff1f'],\n        exEn: TR('Can you paint\/draw?', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306f\u7d75\u3092\u63cf\u3051\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uadf8\ub9b4 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n      { t: '\u756b', s: '\u753b', p: 'hu\u00e0', meaning: TR('to paint; to draw', '\u63cf\u304f', '\uadf8\ub9ac\ub2e4'),\n        ex: [W('\u5979','\u5979','T\u0101'), WD('\u756b','\u753b','hu\u00e0','hu\u00e0'), WD('\u756b\u5152','\u753b\u513f','hu\u00e0r','hu\u00e0r'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('She paints.', '\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u7d75\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uadf8\ub140\ub294 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uadf8\ub824\uc694.') },\n      { t: '\u756b\u5152', s: '\u753b\u513f', p: 'hu\u00e0r', meaning: TR('painting; picture', '\u7d75', '\uadf8\ub9bc'),\n        ex: [W('\u9019','\u8fd9','Zh\u00e8'), W('\u5f35','\u5f20','zh\u0101ng'), WD('\u756b\u5152','\u753b\u513f','hu\u00e0r','hu\u00e0r'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u597d\u770b','\u597d\u770b','h\u01ceok\u00e0n','h\u01ceok\u00e0n'), '\u3002'],\n        exEn: TR('This painting is very nice.', '\u3053\u306e\u7d75\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u7dba\u9e97\u3067\u3059\u3002', '\uc774 \uadf8\ub9bc\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc608\ubed0\uc694.') }\n    ]\n  };\n\n  var DIALOGUE = [\n    { speakerT: '\u8001\u5e2b', speakerS: '\u8001\u5e08',\n      tokens: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u505a','\u505a','zu\u00f2'), W('\u4ec0\u9ebc','\u4ec0\u4e48','sh\u00e9nme'), '\uff1f'],\n      en: TR('What are you doing?', '\u4f55\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694?') },\n    { speakerT: '\u5b78\u751f', speakerS: '\u5b66\u751f',\n      tokens: [W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u5728','\u5728','z\u00e0i'), W('\u5ff5','\u5ff5','ni\u00e0n'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), W('\u66f8','\u4e66','sh\u016b'), '\u3002'],\n      en: TR(\"I'm reading a French book.\", '\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306e\u672c\u3092\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4 \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694.') },\n    { speakerT: '\u8001\u5e2b', speakerS: '\u8001\u5e08',\n      tokens: [W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u7684','\u7684','de'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), W('\u5ff5','\u5ff5','ni\u00e0n'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u771f','\u771f','zh\u0113n'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\uff01'],\n      en: TR('Your French reading sounds really nice!', '\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306e\u6717\u8aad\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u7f8e\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059!', '\ub2f9\uc2e0\uc758 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4 \ub0ad\ub3c5\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub4e3\uae30 \uc88b\uc544\uc694!') },\n    { speakerT: '\u5b78\u751f', speakerS: '\u5b66\u751f',\n      tokens: [WD('\u8b1d\u8b1d','\u8c22\u8c22','Xi\u00e8xie','xi\u00e8xie'), W('\u8001\u5e2b','\u8001\u5e08','l\u01ceosh\u012b'), '\uff0c', W('\u53ef\u662f','\u53ef\u662f','k\u011bsh\u00ec'), W('\u6211','\u6211','w\u01d2'), W('\u89ba\u5f97','\u89c9\u5f97','ju\u00e9de'), W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n'), '\u3002'],\n      en: TR('Thank you, teacher, but I think French is very difficult.', '\u3042\u308a\u304c\u3068\u3046\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3001\u5148\u751f\u3002\u3067\u3082\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4, \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub294 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uac83 \uac19\uc544\uc694.') },\n    { speakerT: '\u8001\u5e2b', speakerS: '\u8001\u5e08',\n      tokens: [W('\u6cd5\u6587','\u6cd5\u6587','F\u01cew\u00e9n'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u96e3','\u96be','n\u00e1n','n\u00e1n'), '\uff0c', W('\u53ef\u662f','\u53ef\u662f','k\u011bsh\u00ec'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), W('\u6709\u610f\u601d','\u6709\u610f\u601d','y\u01d2uy\u00ecsi'), '\u3002', W('\u4f60','\u4f60','N\u01d0'), W('\u4e5f','\u4e5f','y\u011b'), WD('\u559c\u6b61','\u559c\u6b22','x\u01d0huan','x\u01d0huan'), W('\u5531','\u5531','ch\u00e0ng'), W('\u6b4c\u5152','\u6b4c\u513f','g\u0113r'), W('\u55ce','\u5417','ma'), '\uff1f'],\n      en: TR('French is difficult, but very interesting. Do you also like singing?', '\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3068\u3066\u3082\u9762\u767d\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3042\u306a\u305f\u3082\u6b4c\u3092\u6b4c\u3046\u306e\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002', '\ud504\ub791\uc2a4\uc5b4\ub294 \uc5b4\ub835\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc815\ub9d0 \uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\uc5b4\uc694. \ub2f9\uc2e0\ub3c4 \ub178\ub798 \ubd80\ub974\ub294 \uac78 \uc88b\uc544\ud574\uc694?') },\n    { speakerT: '\u5b78\u751f', speakerS: '\u5b66\u751f',\n      tokens: [WD('\u559c\u6b61','\u559c\u6b22','X\u01d0huan','x\u01d0huan'), '\uff0c', W('\u53ef\u662f','\u53ef\u662f','k\u011bsh\u00ec'), W('\u6211','\u6211','w\u01d2'), W('\u5531','\u5531','ch\u00e0ng'), W('\u5f97','\u5f97','de'), W('\u4e0d','\u4e0d','b\u00f9'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\u3002'],\n      en: TR(\"I like it, but I don't sing melodiously.\", '\u597d\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3001\u3067\u3082\u79c1\u306f\u6b4c\u3046\u306e\u304c\u4e0a\u624b\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002', '\uc88b\uc544\ud574\uc694, \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc800\ub294 \ub178\ub798\ub97c \uc798 \ubabb \ubd88\ub7ec\uc694.') },\n    { speakerT: '\u8001\u5e2b', speakerS: '\u8001\u5e08',\n      tokens: [W('\u771f','\u771f','Zh\u0113n'), W('\u7684','\u7684','de'), '\uff1f', W('\u6211','\u6211','W\u01d2'), W('\u89ba\u5f97','\u89c9\u5f97','ju\u00e9de'), W('\u5f88','\u5f88','h\u011bn'), WD('\u597d\u807d','\u597d\u542c','h\u01ceot\u012bng','h\u01ceot\u012bng'), '\u3002'],\n      en: TR('Really? I think it sounds nice.', '\u672c\u5f53\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002\u79c1\u306f\u3068\u3066\u3082\u7d20\u6575\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002', '\uc815\ub9d0\uc694? \uc800\ub294 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub4e3\uae30 \uc88b\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\uc694.') }\n  ];\n\n  var ALL_WORDS = [];\n  Object.keys(GROUPS).forEach(function (k) {\n    GROUPS[k].forEach(function (w) { ALL_WORDS.push(w); });\n  });\n\n  function trSpans(tr) {\n    return '<span class=\"pv7-tr pv7-tr-en\">' + tr.en + '<\/span>' +\n           '<span class=\"pv7-tr pv7-tr-ja\">' + tr.ja + '<\/span>' +\n           '<span class=\"pv7-tr pv7-tr-ko\">' + tr.ko + '<\/span>';\n  }\n\n  function rubyWord(w) {\n    return '<span class=\"pv7-sent-word\">' +\n      '<ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">' + w.t + '<\/span><rt>' + w.pt + '<\/rt><\/ruby>' +\n      '<ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">' + w.s + '<\/span><rt>' + w.ps + '<\/rt><\/ruby>' +\n      '<\/span>';\n  }\n\n  function renderTokens(tokens) {\n    var html = '';\n    tokens.forEach(function (tok) {\n      if (typeof tok === 'string') {\n        html += '<span class=\"pv7-punct\">' + tok + '<\/span>';\n      } else {\n        html += rubyWord(tok);\n      }\n    });\n    return html;\n  }\n\n  function headwordRuby(t, s, pt, ps) {\n    return '<ruby class=\"lang-zh-TW\"><span class=\"rb\">' + t + '<\/span><rt>' + pt + '<\/rt><\/ruby>' +\n           '<ruby class=\"lang-zh-CN\"><span class=\"rb\">' + s + '<\/span><rt>' + ps + '<\/rt><\/ruby>';\n  }\n\n  var counter = 0;\n  Object.keys(GROUPS).forEach(function (containerId) {\n    var container = root.querySelector('#' + containerId);\n    if (!container) return;\n    var html = '';\n    GROUPS[containerId].forEach(function (w) {\n      counter++;\n      var num = (counter < 10 ? '0' : '') + counter;\n      html += '<div class=\"pv7-word-card\">' +\n        '<div class=\"pv7-word-top\">' +\n          '<span class=\"pv7-num\">' + num + '<\/span>' +\n          '<span class=\"pv7-hanzi\">' + headwordRuby(w.t, w.s, w.pt || w.p, w.ps || w.p) + '<\/span>' +\n          '<span class=\"pv7-meaning\">' + trSpans(w.meaning) + '<\/span>' +\n          '<button class=\"pv7-speaker\" data-trad=\"' + w.t + '\" data-simp=\"' + w.s + '\" aria-label=\"Play pronunciation\">' + SPEAKER_SVG + '<\/button>' +\n        '<\/div>' +\n        '<div class=\"pv7-example\">' +\n          renderTokens(w.ex) +\n          '<span class=\"pv7-en\">' + trSpans(w.exEn) + '<\/span>' +\n        '<\/div>' +\n      '<\/div>';\n    });\n    container.innerHTML = html;\n  });\n\n  var dialogueEl = root.querySelector('#pv7-dialogue');\n  if (dialogueEl) {\n    var dHtml = '';\n    DIALOGUE.forEach(function (line) {\n      dHtml += '<div class=\"pv7-line\">' +\n        '<span class=\"pv7-speaker-tag\">' +\n          '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">' + line.speakerT + '<\/span>' +\n          '<span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">' + line.speakerS + '<\/span>' +\n        '<\/span>' +\n        '<span class=\"pv7-line-body\">' +\n          renderTokens(line.tokens) +\n          '<span class=\"pv7-line-en\">' + trSpans(line.en) + '<\/span>' +\n        '<\/span>' +\n      '<\/div>';\n    });\n    dialogueEl.innerHTML = dHtml;\n  }\n\n  \/\/ ---- Translation language toggle ----\n  var langBtns = root.querySelectorAll('.pv7-lang-btn');\n  langBtns.forEach(function (btn) {\n    btn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n      var lang = btn.getAttribute('data-lang');\n      root.classList.remove('pv7-lang-en', 'pv7-lang-ja', 'pv7-lang-ko');\n      root.classList.add('pv7-lang-' + lang);\n      langBtns.forEach(function (b) { b.classList.remove('pv7-lang-active'); });\n      btn.classList.add('pv7-lang-active');\n    });\n  });\n  root.classList.add('pv7-lang-en');\n\n  \/\/ ---- Flashcards ----\n  var fcCard = root.querySelector('#pv7-flashcard');\n  var fcFront = root.querySelector('#pv7-fc-front');\n  var fcBack = root.querySelector('#pv7-fc-back');\n  var fcProgress = root.querySelector('#pv7-fc-progress');\n  var fcPrevBtn = root.querySelector('#pv7-fc-prev');\n  var fcNextBtn = root.querySelector('#pv7-fc-next');\n  var fcIndex = 0;\n  var fcFlipped = false;\n\n  function renderFlashcard() {\n    var w = ALL_WORDS[fcIndex];\n    if (!w || !fcFront || !fcBack) return;\n    fcFront.innerHTML = '<span class=\"pv7-hanzi\">' + headwordRuby(w.t, w.s, w.pt || w.p, w.ps || w.p) + '<\/span>';\n    fcBack.innerHTML = '<span class=\"pv7-meaning\">' + trSpans(w.meaning) + '<\/span>';\n    if (fcProgress) fcProgress.textContent = (fcIndex + 1) + ' \/ ' + ALL_WORDS.length;\n    if (fcCard) fcCard.classList.remove('pv7-flipped');\n    fcFlipped = false;\n  }\n\n  if (fcCard) {\n    fcCard.addEventListener('click', function () {\n      fcFlipped = !fcFlipped;\n      fcCard.classList.toggle('pv7-flipped', fcFlipped);\n    });\n  }\n  if (fcPrevBtn) fcPrevBtn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n    fcIndex = (fcIndex - 1 + ALL_WORDS.length) % ALL_WORDS.length;\n    renderFlashcard();\n  });\n  if (fcNextBtn) fcNextBtn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n    fcIndex = (fcIndex + 1) % ALL_WORDS.length;\n    renderFlashcard();\n  });\n  renderFlashcard();\n\n  \/\/ ---- Match It game ----\n  var gameColZh = root.querySelector('#pv7-game-col-zh');\n  var gameColEn = root.querySelector('#pv7-game-col-en');\n  var gameStatus = root.querySelector('#pv7-game-status');\n  var gameWin = root.querySelector('#pv7-game-win');\n  var gameNewBtn = root.querySelector('#pv7-game-new');\n  var gameRound = [];\n  var gameSelectedZh = null;\n  var gameSelectedEn = null;\n  var gameMatchedCount = 0;\n  var gameBusy = false;\n\n  function shuffle(arr) {\n    var a = arr.slice();\n    for (var i = a.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {\n      var j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));\n      var tmp = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = tmp;\n    }\n    return a;\n  }\n\n  function startRound() {\n    gameRound = shuffle(ALL_WORDS).slice(0, 8);\n    gameSelectedZh = null;\n    gameSelectedEn = null;\n    gameMatchedCount = 0;\n    gameBusy = false;\n    if (gameWin) gameWin.classList.remove('pv7-show');\n\n    var zhOrder = shuffle(gameRound);\n    var enOrder = shuffle(gameRound);\n\n    gameColZh.innerHTML = zhOrder.map(function (w) {\n      return '<button class=\"pv7-tile\" data-id=\"' + w.t + '\" data-side=\"zh\">' +\n        '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">' + w.t + '<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">' + w.s + '<\/span>' +\n        '<span class=\"pv7-tile-py\">' + (w.pt || w.p) + '<\/span>' +\n      '<\/button>';\n    }).join('');\n\n    gameColEn.innerHTML = enOrder.map(function (w) {\n      return '<button class=\"pv7-tile\" data-id=\"' + w.t + '\" data-side=\"en\">' + trSpans(w.meaning) + '<\/button>';\n    }).join('');\n\n    updateGameStatus();\n  }\n\n  function updateGameStatus() {\n    if (gameStatus) gameStatus.textContent = gameMatchedCount + ' \/ ' + gameRound.length + ' matched';\n  }\n\n  function handleTileClick(tile) {\n    if (gameBusy || tile.classList.contains('pv7-matched')) return;\n    var side = tile.getAttribute('data-side');\n\n    if (side === 'zh') {\n      if (gameSelectedZh) gameSelectedZh.classList.remove('pv7-selected');\n      gameSelectedZh = tile;\n      tile.classList.add('pv7-selected');\n    } else {\n      if (gameSelectedEn) gameSelectedEn.classList.remove('pv7-selected');\n      gameSelectedEn = tile;\n      tile.classList.add('pv7-selected');\n    }\n\n    if (gameSelectedZh) {\n      if (gameSelectedEn) {\n        var zhId = gameSelectedZh.getAttribute('data-id');\n        var enId = gameSelectedEn.getAttribute('data-id');\n        if (zhId === enId) {\n          gameSelectedZh.classList.remove('pv7-selected');\n          gameSelectedEn.classList.remove('pv7-selected');\n          gameSelectedZh.classList.add('pv7-matched');\n          gameSelectedEn.classList.add('pv7-matched');\n          gameMatchedCount++;\n          updateGameStatus();\n          gameSelectedZh = null;\n          gameSelectedEn = null;\n          var roundDone = (gameMatchedCount === gameRound.length);\n          if (roundDone) {\n            if (gameWin) {\n              gameWin.classList.add('pv7-show');\n            }\n          }\n        } else {\n          gameBusy = true;\n          var z = gameSelectedZh, en = gameSelectedEn;\n          z.classList.add('pv7-wrong');\n          en.classList.add('pv7-wrong');\n          setTimeout(function () {\n            z.classList.remove('pv7-selected', 'pv7-wrong');\n            en.classList.remove('pv7-selected', 'pv7-wrong');\n            gameBusy = false;\n          }, 400);\n          gameSelectedZh = null;\n          gameSelectedEn = null;\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  root.addEventListener('click', function (e) {\n    var tile = e.target.closest('.pv7-tile');\n    if (tile) {\n      if (root.contains(tile)) handleTileClick(tile);\n    }\n  });\n  if (gameNewBtn) gameNewBtn.addEventListener('click', startRound);\n\n  startRound();\n\n  \/\/ ---- Vocabulary Quiz (follows the EN\/JA\/KO translation toggle) ----\n  function QMC(promptTR, optionsTR, answer) { return { type: 'mc', prompt: promptTR, options: optionsTR, answer: answer }; }\n  function QTYPE(promptTR, accept) { return { type: 'type', prompt: promptTR, accept: accept }; }\n\n  var QUIZ_DATA = [\n    QTYPE(TR('Type the pinyin for \u5ff5.', '\u5ff5\u306e\u30d4\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002', '\u5ff5\uc758 \ubcd1\uc74c\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uc138\uc694.'), ['nian']),\n    QMC(\n      TR('<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u597d\u807d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u597d\u542c<\/span> means...', '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u597d\u807d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u597d\u542c<\/span>\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u597d\u807d<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u597d\u542c<\/span>\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('melodious; nice to listen to', '\u805e\u304d\u5fc3\u5730\u304c\u3044\u3044;\u7f8e\u3057\u3044', '\ub4e3\uae30 \uc88b\ub2e4; \uc544\ub984\ub2f5\ub2e4'),\n        TR('difficult', '\u96e3\u3057\u3044', '\uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4'),\n        TR('interesting', '\u9762\u767d\u3044', '\uc7ac\ubbf8\uc788\ub2e4'),\n        TR('slow', '\u9045\u3044', '\ub290\ub9ac\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u5462 (as in \u6211\u5728\u5ff5\u66f8\u5462) marks...', '\u5462(\u6211\u5728\u5ff5\u66f8\u5462\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a)\u306f\u4f55\u3092\u8868\u3059?', '\u5462(\u6211\u5728\u5ff5\u66f8\u5462\ucc98\ub7fc)\ub294 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc\uae4c?'),\n      [\n        TR('a continuing situation', '\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6301\u7d9a', '\uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d'),\n        TR('a question', '\u7591\u554f', '\uc758\ubb38'),\n        TR('a past action', '\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c', '\uacfc\uac70\uc758 \ub3d9\uc791'),\n        TR('a command', '\u547d\u4ee4', '\uba85\ub839')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u6559\u66f8 means...', '\u6559\u66f8\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u6559\u66f8\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('to teach', '\u6559\u3048\u308b', '\uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to study', '\u52c9\u5f37\u3059\u308b', '\uacf5\ubd80\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to write', '\u66f8\u304f', '\uc4f0\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to read aloud', '\u6717\u8aad\u3059\u308b', '\ub0ad\ub3c5\ud558\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u73fe\u5728 means...', '\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u73fe\u5728\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('now; right now', '\u4eca;\u73fe\u5728', '\uc9c0\uae08; \ud604\uc7ac'),\n        TR('still; yet', '\u307e\u3060', '\uc544\uc9c1'),\n        TR('a little bit', '\u5c11\u3057', '\uc870\uae08'),\n        TR('already', '\u3059\u3067\u306b', '\uc774\ubbf8')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u9084 means...', '\u9084\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u9084\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('still; also; yet', '\u307e\u3060;\u305d\u308c\u306b', '\uc544\uc9c1; \ub610\ud55c'),\n        TR('now', '\u4eca', '\uc9c0\uae08'),\n        TR('can; may', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b', '~\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4'),\n        TR('very', '\u3068\u3066\u3082', '\ub9e4\uc6b0')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u8aaa\u8a71 means...', '\u8aaa\u8a71\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u8aaa\u8a71\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('to speak; to talk', '\u8a71\u3059;\u3057\u3083\u3079\u308b', '\ub9d0\ud558\ub2e4; \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to sing', '\u6b4c\u3046', '\ub178\ub798\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to listen', '\u805e\u304f', '\ub4e3\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to teach', '\u6559\u3048\u308b', '\uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u80fd means...', '\u80fd\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u80fd\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('can (to be able to)', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b(\u80fd\u529b)', '~\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4(\ub2a5\ub825)'),\n        TR('to want', '\u6b32\u3057\u3044', '\uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('must', '\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044', '~\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to like', '\u597d\u304d', '\uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u6703 means...', '\u6703\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u6703\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('can; to know how to', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b(\u7fd2\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u6280\u80fd)', '~\ud560 \uc904 \uc54c\ub2e4(\uc2b5\ub4dd\ud55c \uae30\uc220)'),\n        TR('must', '\u301c\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044', '~\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to want', '\u6b32\u3057\u3044', '\uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to need', '\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b', '\ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QTYPE(TR('Type the pinyin for <span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u96e3<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u96be<\/span>.', '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u96e3<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u96be<\/span>\u306e\u30d4\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002', '<span class=\"lang-zh-TW\">\u96e3<\/span><span class=\"lang-zh-CN\">\u96be<\/span>\uc758 \ubcd1\uc74c\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uc138\uc694.'), ['nan']),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u53ef\u4ee5 means...', '\u53ef\u4ee5\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u53ef\u4ee5\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('can; may', '\u301c\u3067\u304d\u308b;\u301c\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3088\u3044', '~\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4; ~\ud574\ub3c4 \ub418\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to want', '\u6b32\u3057\u3044', '\uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to know', '\u77e5\u308b', '\uc54c\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to feel', '\u611f\u3058\u308b', '\ub290\ub07c\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u5403 means...', '\u5403\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u5403\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('to eat', '\u98df\u3079\u308b', '\uba39\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to drink', '\u98f2\u3080', '\ub9c8\uc2dc\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to cook', '\u6599\u7406\u3059\u308b', '\uc694\ub9ac\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to buy', '\u8cb7\u3046', '\uc0ac\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u98ef means...', '\u98ef\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u98ef\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('food; a meal; cooked rice', '\u3054\u98ef;\u98df\u4e8b', '\ubc25; \uc2dd\uc0ac'),\n        TR('wine; liquor', '\u304a\u9152', '\uc220'),\n        TR('a dish; cuisine', '\u6599\u7406', '\uc694\ub9ac'),\n        TR('a character', '\u5b57', '\uae00\uc790')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u505a\u98ef means...', '\u505a\u98ef\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u505a\u98ef\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('to cook', '\u6599\u7406\u3092\u4f5c\u308b', '\uc694\ub9ac\ub97c \ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to eat', '\u98df\u3079\u308b', '\uba39\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to work; handle matters', '\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u3059\u308b', '\uc77c\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to write', '\u66f8\u304f', '\uc4f0\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QMC(\n      TR('\u756b\u756b\u5152 means...', '\u756b\u756b\u5152\u306e\u610f\u5473\u306f?', '\u756b\u756b\u5152\uc758 \ub73b\uc740?'),\n      [\n        TR('to paint; to draw', '\u7d75\u3092\u63cf\u304f', '\uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to sing', '\u6b4c\u3046', '\ub178\ub798\ud558\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to write characters', '\u5b57\u3092\u66f8\u304f', '\uae00\uc790\ub97c \uc4f0\ub2e4'),\n        TR('to teach', '\u6559\u3048\u308b', '\uac00\ub974\uce58\ub2e4')\n      ], 0),\n    QTYPE(TR('Type the pinyin for \u5feb.', '\u5feb\u306e\u30d4\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002', '\u5feb\uc758 \ubcd1\uc74c\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uc138\uc694.'), ['kuai'])\n  ];\n\n  var UI_STRINGS = {\n    en: { submit: 'Submit', next: 'Next', placeholder: 'Type your answer', correct: 'Correct!', incorrectPrefix: 'Not quite \u2014 the answer is \"', incorrectSuffix: '\".', incorrectGeneric: 'Not quite \u2014 check the highlighted answer above.', scoreLine: 'Nice work! Want to try again?', retake: 'Retake Quiz', questionLabel: 'Question' },\n    ja: { submit: '\u9001\u4fe1', next: '\u6b21\u3078', placeholder: '\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044', correct: '\u6b63\u89e3!', incorrectPrefix: '\u6b8b\u5ff5\u3001\u6b63\u89e3\u306f\u300c', incorrectSuffix: '\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002', incorrectGeneric: '\u6b8b\u5ff5\u3001\u4e0a\u306e\u30cf\u30a4\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7b54\u3048\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002', scoreLine: '\u3088\u304f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f!\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u5ea6\u6311\u6226\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304b?', retake: '\u30af\u30a4\u30ba\u3092\u3084\u308a\u76f4\u3059', questionLabel: '\u8cea\u554f' },\n    ko: { submit: '\uc81c\ucd9c', next: '\ub2e4\uc74c', placeholder: '\ub2f5\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ud558\uc138\uc694', correct: '\uc815\ub2f5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4!', incorrectPrefix: '\uc544\uc27d\ub124\uc694 \u2014 \uc815\ub2f5\uc740 \"', incorrectSuffix: '\"\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.', incorrectGeneric: '\uc544\uc27d\ub124\uc694 \u2014 \uc704\uc5d0 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub41c \uc815\ub2f5\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc138\uc694.', scoreLine: '\uc798\ud558\uc168\uc5b4\uc694! \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub3c4\uc804\ud574\ubcf4\uc2dc\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694?', retake: '\ud034\uc988 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud480\uae30', questionLabel: '\ubb38\uc81c' }\n  };\n\n  function getLang() {\n    if (root.classList.contains('pv7-lang-ja')) return 'ja';\n    if (root.classList.contains('pv7-lang-ko')) return 'ko';\n    return 'en';\n  }\n\n  function stripTones(s) {\n    return s.normalize('NFD').replace(\/[\\u0300-\\u036f]\/g, '').toLowerCase().replace(\/[^a-z0-9]\/g, '');\n  }\n\n  (function initQuiz() {\n    var qRoot = root.querySelector('#pv7-quiz');\n    if (!qRoot) return;\n    var current = 0;\n    var score = 0;\n    var answered = false;\n\n    function render() {\n      if (current >= QUIZ_DATA.length) { renderScore(); return; }\n      var lang = getLang();\n      var ui = UI_STRINGS[lang];\n      var q = QUIZ_DATA[current];\n      answered = false;\n      var html = '<p class=\"pv7-quiz-progress\">' + ui.questionLabel + ' ' + (current + 1) + ' \/ ' + QUIZ_DATA.length + '<\/p>';\n      html += '<p class=\"pv7-quiz-prompt\">' + q.prompt[lang] + '<\/p>';\n      if (q.type === 'mc') {\n        html += '<div class=\"pv7-quiz-options\">';\n        for (var i = 0; i < q.options.length; i++) {\n          html += '<button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-quiz-opt\" data-i=\"' + i + '\">' + q.options[i][lang] + '<\/button>';\n        }\n        html += '<\/div>';\n      } else {\n        html += '<div class=\"pv7-quiz-input-row\">';\n        html += '<input type=\"text\" class=\"pv7-quiz-input\" placeholder=\"' + ui.placeholder + '\">';\n        html += '<button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-quiz-submit\">' + ui.submit + '<\/button>';\n        html += '<\/div>';\n      }\n      html += '<p class=\"pv7-quiz-feedback\"><\/p>';\n      html += '<button type=\"button\" class=\"pv7-quiz-next\" style=\"display:none;\">' + ui.next + '<\/button>';\n      qRoot.innerHTML = html;\n\n      if (q.type === 'mc') {\n        var opts = qRoot.querySelectorAll('.pv7-quiz-opt');\n        opts.forEach(function (btn) {\n          btn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n            if (answered) return;\n            answered = true;\n            var i = parseInt(this.getAttribute('data-i'), 10);\n            var correct = i === q.answer;\n            if (correct) score++;\n            opts.forEach(function (b, bi) {\n              b.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');\n              if (bi === q.answer) b.classList.add('correct');\n              else if (bi === i) b.classList.add('incorrect');\n            });\n            showFeedback(correct);\n          });\n        });\n      } else {\n        var input = qRoot.querySelector('.pv7-quiz-input');\n        var submitBtn = qRoot.querySelector('.pv7-quiz-submit');\n        function submit() {\n          if (answered) return;\n          answered = true;\n          var val = stripTones(input.value || '');\n          var correct = q.accept.indexOf(val) !== -1;\n          if (correct) score++;\n          input.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');\n          submitBtn.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');\n          showFeedback(correct, q.accept[0]);\n        }\n        submitBtn.addEventListener('click', submit);\n        input.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Enter') submit(); });\n      }\n\n      function showFeedback(correct, correctAnswer) {\n        var fb = qRoot.querySelector('.pv7-quiz-feedback');\n        if (correct) {\n          fb.textContent = ui.correct;\n        } else if (correctAnswer) {\n          fb.textContent = ui.incorrectPrefix + correctAnswer + ui.incorrectSuffix;\n        } else {\n          fb.textContent = ui.incorrectGeneric;\n        }\n        fb.className = 'pv7-quiz-feedback ' + (correct ? 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